学科分类
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15 个结果
  • 简介:目的探索支气管镜在气管内支架置入术中的应用技术.方法表面麻醉下经气管镜或麻醉插管进行气管内支架置入.结果全部7例气管狭窄患者均成功置入支架,症状缓解.随访4~16个月,气道通畅,支架位置良好.结论支气管镜下内支架置入术,具有麻醉简单、手术简便、安全可靠、损伤小、起效快的优点.

  • 标签: 硬管支气管镜 气管狭窄 气管内支架置入术 手术方法
  • 简介:目的探讨脑干听觉诱发电位(brainstemaudioevokedpotential,BAEP)在婴儿耳聋早期诊断的应用价值.方法500例婴儿从出生到6wk内耳声发射(otoacousticemissions,OAE)3次未通过者,拟诊耳聋的患儿进行听阈及BAEP检查.如听阈在65dBSPL以上或BAEP异常者,1~2个月后来复查.如患儿月龄在6-12个月以上,听阈仍在65dBSPL以上者就进行干预及治疗.结果1000耳中正常98耳、轻度耳聋515耳、中度耳聋234耳、重度耳聋80耳、极聋72耳.1~2个月后来复查的有754耳,正常的占233耳、轻度耳聋271耳、中度耳聋203耳、重度耳聋23耳、极度耳聋24耳.与首次比较差异有显著性(P<0.01).结论BAEP检查可以检测婴幼儿听力损害的程度,及跟踪随访,并早期干预,早期治疗及早期语言训练成为可能,使患儿聋而不哑.

  • 标签: 畸变产物耳声发射 未通 新生儿 脑干听觉诱发电位 筛选 BAEP
  • 简介:目的:研究近视患者LASIK术后视疲劳的发生与融合范围的关系,及同视机融合功能训练改善LASIK术后视疲劳的疗效观察。方法:对60例120眼近视患者(.1.50--8.00D)施行LASIK手术,于术前戴全矫眼镜用同视机法测定融合范围,并进行视疲劳的问卷调查。术后将其随机平分为两组:A组进行同视机融合功能训练30d,B组不进行同视机融合功能训练,分别对其术后1wk;1mo行同视机法测定融合范围,并进行视疲劳的问卷调查及统计学分析。结果:A、B组术后融合范围均较术前减小。术后1wk时融合范围两组分别为18.58±8.91和13.45±8.87,二者差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。术后1mo时,两组融合范围分别为20.55±7.23和18.12±6.10,二者差异无统计学意义。术后1wk时A组视疲劳评分3.92±1.65,B组评分5.16±2.34,二者差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。术后1mo时两组评分分别是1.28±0.96和1.45±0.99分,二者差异无统计学意义。结论:近视眼LASIK术后双眼的融合功能下降是出现视疲劳的一个重要因素。术后早期进行同视机融合功能训练可以有效的改善视疲劳症状。

  • 标签: 近视 LASIK 视疲劳 融合范围 融合功能
  • 简介:目的:评估单剂量枸橼酸西那非片对早期年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)男性患者视功能的急性效应。方法:早期年龄相关性黄斑变性男40例,年龄58~86(平均71)岁,前瞻性随机接受安慰剂或者枸橼酸西那非片(Viagra;PfizerInc,NewYork,NY)100mg,单次口服。受试者双眼在接受药物之前及之后9h内特定的时间间期进行视力、Amsler方格表及辨色力检查。结果:与安慰剂相比,服用枸橼酸西那非片后视功能检查均未有明显改变。视力和辨色力检查在基线水平上未见有统计意义或临床相关的改变,Amsler方格表检查未见临床相关的改变。服用枸橼酸西那非片与短暂的轻度至中度头痛和面红有关。结论:单次口服100mg枸橼酸西那非片,在早期年龄相关性黄斑变性男性样本人群中,耐受性良好,未对视觉产生显著急性效应。

  • 标签: 枸橼酸西地那非片 视功能 老年黄斑变性
  • 简介:目的:研究血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂坎沙坦对糖尿病(DM)大鼠视网膜组织VEGF和MCP-1表达的影响.方法:链脲佐菌素(STZ)制备DM大鼠动物模型36只,随机分为DM模型组和坎沙坦治疗组,另取18只正常SD大鼠作为正常对照组,每组均随机分为4,8,12wk3个亚组.视网膜铺片联合PAS染色观察视网膜微血管形态学变化,应用SABC免疫组织化学法检测坎沙坦对大鼠视网膜组织VEGF和MCP-1表达的影响.结果:正常对照组视网膜血管网结构清晰,走行规则;DM模型组血管迂曲阻塞,走行不规则;治疗组见血管网迂曲情况较模型组明显改善,走行较规则.在对照组和模型4wk组中大鼠视网膜组织无VEGF和MCP-1阳性表达或只呈弱阳性表达;模型8wk和12wk组两者阳性表达明显增强,且随着病程延长呈递增趋势.治疗组两者的表达则均较同时期模型组明显减弱,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05).结论:研究血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂坎沙坦可降低DM大鼠视网膜VEGF和MCP-1的表达.

  • 标签: 糖尿病视网膜病变 坎地沙坦 血管内皮生长因子 单核细胞趋化因子
  • 简介:<正>DearSir,IamDr.HuijaeLee,fromtheSeoulIreEyeClinic,Seoul,Korea.Iwritetopresentacasereportofesotropiaafterocclusiontherapy.Amblyopiacanbecausedby

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  • 简介:AIM:Toinvestigatethespecialtyoftranscranialsurgerythroughpterionalapproachforremovalofcranio-orbitaltumors,introducetheophthalmologicalexperiencesofenteringtheorbittoreducetheincidencerateofassociatedcomplicationsofthisoperation.·METHODS:Weperformedaretrospectiveanalysisofaseriesof37casesinvolvingpatientswhounderwenttranscranialsurgerythroughpterionalapproachfortreatmentofcranio-orbitaltumorsinourdepartmentinthepast8years.Pterionapproachcraniotomywasperformedtoallpatients.Afterremovingtumorsintheskullbytheneurosurgeon,ophthalmologistremovedtumorsinorbit.Wetookmeasuresbelowtodecreasecomplications,includinggroundingopticcanalthroughanabrasivedrillingwhennecessary,hangingvariousextraocularmusclestobeexposedforprotection,refrigeratingbyrefrigerationheadstoremovetumors,atlastsewinguporbitseptumaftersurgery.·RESULTS:Tumorswereremovedcompletelyin32cases,andincompletein5casesduetoextensiveinvasionintothecavernoussinusorsphenoidsinus.Ofallthecases,benigntumorsweredemonstratedin28cases(75.6%,28/37)andmalignantin9(24.3%,9/37).Themostcommonlesiontypewasmeningiomain11cases(29.7%,11/37).Extraocularmuscles(EOM)impairment,occurringin21cases(56.7%,21/37),wasthemostfrequentpostoperativecomplication.Themostseriousconsequencewasvisionlossoccurredin4cases(10.8%,4/37).Othercomplications,suchas11casesoftransientblepharoptosis29.7%(11/37),5casesofmydriasisin13.5%(5/7);2casesofcerebrospinalrhinorrheain5.4%(2/37).·CONCLUSION:Cranio-orbitaltumorscanberemovedcompletelyusingtranscranialapproach,andthepterionalapproachoffersexcellentexposure.Cooperationofinterdisciplinaryteamofneurosurgeonsandophthalmologistsconducestofulluseofrespectiveprofessionaladvantages.Theexperienceofophthalmicoperationtechnologycandecreaseoccurrenceofocularcomplicationsaftersurger

  • 标签: cranio-orbital TUMORS TRANSCRANIAL operation COMPLICATIONS OPHTHALMIC
  • 简介:目的方法结果结论对安徽省两人群盲和低视力及眼病的流行病学情况进行抽样调查。选择阜阳市颍州区和宣城市绩溪县,采用随机整体抽样方法,对所属居民进行眼部及其他情况的调查。两的受检人数和受检率分别为3336人(91.40%)和3602人(92.10%),达到抽样调查要求;两双眼盲、单眼盲、双眼低视力和单眼低视力的患病率分别为1.05%和0.69%、1.71%和1.25%、1.02%和0.97%、0.87%和0.89%;两盲和低视力的主要原因分别为:白内障、弱视、青光眼和白内障、眼球萎缩/缺如、青光眼;两地主要眼病都为:屈光不正、白内障、翼状胬肉和沙眼;两的白内障手术率分别为600和278。据不完全资料估计我省盲和低视力的患病率远高于全国平均水平,盲和低视力的高发人群为50岁以上老年人,女性,孤寡,文盲,低收入者,白内障仍是最主要致盲原因,屈光不正/弱视已日益成为影响人民特别是青少年视力的最主要因素,广泛宣传正确用眼方式,推广青少年正确验光配镜方法,提高相关人员验光配镜水平对于有效降低弱视致残率至关重要。

  • 标签: 低视力 眼病 流行病学抽样调查 安徽省
  • 简介:AIM:Tocomparetheeffectoftopicallyadministeredandsubconjunctivallyinjectedbevacizumabonexperimentalcornealneovascularizationinratsfortwoweeksaftertreatment.METHODS:Twenty-eightSprague-Dawleyratsweredividedintofourgroupsof7animals.Eachcornealcenterofrighteyewascauterizedwithsilver/potassiumnitratefor8s.Aftercornealburning,bevacizumab(12.5mg/mL)wastopicallyadministeredthreetimesperday(TBgroup)fortwoweeksorsubconjunctivallyinjectedondays2and4aftercauterization(0.02mL;SBgroup).Asnegativecontrols,ratsreceived0.9%salinetopicallythreetimesperday(TSgroup)orsubconjunctivallyondays2and4(0.02mL;SSgroup).Digitalphotographsofthecorneaweretaken1and2weeksaftertreatmentandanalyzedtodeterminetheareaofcorneacoveredbyneovascularizationasthepercentageofcornealneovascularization.RESULTS:Oneweekaftertreatment,thepercentageofcornealneovascularizationwassignificantlylowerintheTBandSBgroupsthanintheTSandSSgroups(allP<0.05).Twoweeksaftertreatment,thepercentageofcornealneovascularizationwassignificantlylowerintheTBgroupthanintheTSgroup(P<0.05).Inallgroups,thepercentageofneovascularizationwasdecreasingastimepassed(allP<0.05)CONCLUSION:Topicallyadministeredbevacizumabhaslongerstandinganti-angiogeniceffectthansubconjunctivallyinjectedbevacizumabincornealneovascularizationfollowingchemicalinjuryinrats.

  • 标签: CORNEAL NEOVASCULARIZATION BEVACIZUMAB TOPICAL and SUBCONJUNCTIVAL
  • 简介:在瞬息万变的信息化社会里,加强医学生创新能力的培养是适应医学发展的必要条件。本文结合眼科学的特点,初步探讨在眼科教学活动中医学生创新能力培养所存在的问题和解决方案,为提高医学生的创新能力,更好的服务临床提供帮助。

  • 标签: 眼科学 创新能力 医学生
  • 简介:AIM:Tostudythedistributionofocularhigher-orderaberrations(HOAs)andmesopicpupilsizeinindividualsscreenedforrefractivesurgery.·METHODS:OcularHOAsandmesopicpupilsizewerestudiedin2458eyesof1240patientswithmyopia,myopicastigmatismandcompoundmyopicastigmatismand215eyesof110patientswithhyperopia,hyperopicastigmatismandcompoundhyperopicastigmatismusingtheZywaveaberrometer(Busch&Lomb).Allpatientshadcorrectablerefractiveerrorswithoutahistoryofrefractivesurgeryorunderlyingdiseases.Root-mean-squarevaluesofHOAs,totalsphericalaberration,totalcomaandmesopicpupilsizewereanalyzed.OcularHOAsweremeasuredacrossa≥6.0mmpupil,andpupilsizemeasurementswereperformedunderthemesopiccondition.·RESULTS:ThemeanvaluesofHOAs,totalsphericalaberrationandtotalcomainthemyopicgroupwere0.369μm,±0.233,0.133±0.112μmand0.330±0.188μm,respectively.InthehyperopicgroupthemeanvaluesofHOAs,totalsphericalaberrationandtotalcomawere0.418μm±0.214,0.202±0.209μmand0.343±0.201μm,respectively.HyperopesshowedgreatertotalHOAs(P<0.01)andtotalsphericalaberration(P<0.01)comparedtomyopes.Inage-matchedanalysis,onlytheamountoftotalsphericalaberrationwashigherinthehyperopicgroup(P=0.05).Mesopicpupilsizeinthemyopicgroupwaslarger(P≤0.05).·CONCLUSION:TheresultssuggestedthatsignificantlevelsofHOAswerefoundinbothgroupswhichareimportantforplanningrefractivesurgeriesonIranians.Thereweresignificantlyhigherlevelsoftotalsphericalaberrationinhyperopescomparedtomyopes.Mesopicpupilsizewaslargerinmyopicgroup.

  • 标签: CORNEAL WAVEFRONT ABERRATION PUPIL mesopic vision