简介：Background:Althoughevidenceonthehealtheffectsofsedentarybehavior(SB)hasgrownsystematicallyinrecentyears,fewdevelopingcountrieshavereportedpopulationlevelsofSB,especiallyinSouthAmerica.OurobjectivewastodescribetimespentsittinginarepresentativesamplefromChilecategorizedbyage,gender,educationallevel,andbodymassindex(BMI).Methods:AnationalhealthsurveywasconductedinChileinanationallyrepresentativesample(n=5411)in2009-2010.Sittingtime(ST)wasmeasuredwiththeGlobalPhysicalActivityQuestionnaireVersion2.Results:Datawerefrom5031participants(43.26±0.41years,mean±SE;40.3%male).Overall,therewerenogenderdifferencesinmeanST(men:158.10±5.80min/day,women143.45±4.77min/day;p=0.05).STwaslowerinthosewholivedinruralareascomparedwithurbanareas(99.4min/dayvs.160.0min/day;p=0.001).STincreasedsignificantlywithincreasingBMI,butonlyinmen(p=0.009),andwaspositivelyrelatedtoyearsofeducationinbothmenandwomen(p<0.0001).Conclusion:Thefindingsweredifferentfromthosereportedinothercountriesandcontexts,reinforcingtheneedforinternationalsurveillanceandmonitoringovertimetoinformpolicymakers.DifferencesinSTacrossdifferentgroupsemphasizetheneedtodeveloptailoredmessagesandinterventionsforreducingSTindifferentpopulationsubgroups.

简介：Inthispaper,weintroducegeneralizedcyclicC-contractionsthroughpnumberofsubsetsofaprobabilisticmetricspaceandestablishtwofixedpointresultsforsuchcontractions.InourfirsttheoremweusetheHadzictypet-norm.InournexttheoremweuseLukasiewiczt-norm.OurresultsgeneralizetheresultsofChoudhuryandBhandari[11].Acontrolfunction[3]hasbeenutilizedinoursecondtheorem.Theresultsareillustratedwithsomeexamples.

简介：Byusinganoffshorelargevolumeair-gunseismicsource,onshoreseismicstations(includingmobilestationsandpermanentstations)andoceanbottomseismometers,adeepseismicexplorationexperimentwascarriedoutforthefirsttimeintheTaiwanStraits.Resultsshowthatseismicstationscanreceiveseismicsignalsfromtheair-gunarraysofthe"YANPINGⅡ"scientificinvestigationshipfromasfaras280kmaway.TensofthousandsofhighqualityseismicdataitemswereobtainedsuccessfullyanddifferenttypesofP-waveseismicphaseswereidentified.Aone-dimensionalcrustalstructuremodelofthesurveyprofileHX9showsthatthecrustalstructure,whichisreflectedbyPcandPmPreflectionwavesfromtwovelocitydiscontinuitiesandbasementrefractionwave(Pg)constitutesthebasiccharacteristicofthecrustalstructureinthisregion.ThedepthsofConraddiscontinuityandMohodiscontinuityarerespectively16.0km-17.5kmand28.0km-29.5km.

简介：Opticalemissionspectroscopy(OES)usingthetraceraregasesofArandXehavebeencarriedoutinaradiofrequency(RF)drivennegativeionsourceatInstituteofPlasmaPhysics,ChineseAcademyofScience(ASIPP),inordertodeterminetheelectrontemperatureanddensityofthehydrogenplasma.Theline-ratiomethodsbasedonpopulationmodelsareappliedtodescribetheradiationprocessoftheexcitedstateparticlesandestablishtheirrelationswiththeplasmaparameters.Thespectrallinesfromtheargonandxenonexcitedstateatomswiththewavelengthof750.4and828.0nmareusedtocalculatetheelectrontemperaturebasedonthecoronamodel.Theargonionsemissionlineswiththewavelengthof480and488nmareselectedtocalculatetheelectrondensitybasedonthecollisionalradiativemodel.OEShasgiventhepreliminaryresultsoftheelectrontemperatureanddensitybyvaryingthedischargegaspressureandRFpower.Accordingtotheexperimentalresults,thetypicalplasmaparametersisTe2≈2-4eVandne≈1x1017-8x1017m^-3infrontofplasmagrid.

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简介：Thedevelopmentofnewproductsofhighquality,lowunitcost,andshortleadtimetomarketarethekeyelementsrequiredforanyenterprisetoobtainacompetitiveadvantage.Forshortingtheleadtimetomarketandimprovingthecreativityandperformancesoftheproduct,arule-basedconceptualdesignapproachandamethodologytosimulatetheconceptualdesignresultsgeneratedinconceptualdesignprocessinautomaticalvirtualentityformarepresentedinthispaper.Thispartofpaperpresentsarule-basedconceptualdesignmethodforgeneratingcreativeconceptualdesignschemesofmechanismsbasedonYan’skinematicchainregenerationcreativedesignmethod.Thedesignrulesareadoptedtodescribethedesignrequirementsofthefunctionalcharacteristics,theconnectionrelationshipsandtopologicalcharacteristicsamongmechanisms.Throughthegraphs-basedreasoningprocess,theconceptualdesignspaceisexpandedextremely,andthepotentialcreativeconceptualdesignresultsarethendugout.Byrefiningthedesignrules,thesolutionexplorationproblemisavioded,andthetendentiousconceptualdesignschemesaregenerated.Sincemechanical,electricalandhydraulicsubsystemscanbetransformedintogeneralmechansims,theconceptualdesignmethodpresentedinthispapercanalsobeappliedintheconceptualdesignproblemofcomplexmechatronicsystems.Andthenthemethodtoidentifyconceptualdesignschemesisgiven.

简介：ThispapersummarizesthebasicsituationoftheBinchuanTransmittingSeismicStationandthegeophysicalobservationsoftheareawhereitislocated,withafocusontheconstitutionoftheobservationsystemofthetransmittingseismicstation,theexcitationcharacteristicsandpropagationdistanceofsignalsexcitedbytheairgunsourceinthereservoirandwell.ThepaperalsosummarizesanddiscussesontheresultsoftheobservationsandproblemsencounteredsincetheTransmittingSeismicStationwasbuilt.Finally,thispaperproposesthemainresearchtobecarriedoutonthebasisoftheprojectaims.

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简介：RecentexperimentalresultsofHL-1MtokamakandprogressofHL-2Aprojectarepresented.Strongfishboneinstabilitywasobservedduringoff-axisECRH.ThisisfirstobservationofthefishboneinstabilitypurelydrivenbyenergeticelectronsproducedbyECRH.TheMBIwasfirstproposedanddemonstratedonHL-1M.RecentlynewresultsofMBIexperimentwereobtainedbyincreasingthepressureofgas.Astair-shapedensityincrementwasobtainedwithhigh-pressuremulti-pulseMBIjustlikethedensityevolutionbehaviorduringthemultipelletinjection.Itisshown

简介：Themaingoalofdivertorphysicsistodeterminetheedgeplasmatemperature,density,powerdispersal,powerasymmetrybetweeninwardtargetandoutwardone,thecontrolabilityofimpurityandneutralparticles.Aboveparameterswillchangewithplasmadensityorheatingpower.Theycanbedividedinto3regimes:linearregime,highrecyclingoneanddetachedone.

简介：中等范围的天气的欧洲中心从微波手足更健全的、高分辨率动力学手足预报重新分析过渡期间(时代过渡期间)气象学和大小更健全，并且在观察系统气味卫星的地球上监视仪器的臭氧被使用分析截止的动态、化学的特征低(关口)在在七月初2007的东北中国上的事件。结果在100300hPa显示出上层的温暖核心的气旋的极的同温层的起源，与塑造漏斗的对流顶层侵入进联系了就在COL中心上面中间对流层。列臭氧和臭氧侧面上的同温层的侵入的影响用卫星大小被调查。当COL的紧张在2007年7月10日达到顶点时，全部的列臭氧(TCO)增加到达了最大值(4070杜)。这能动态地被归因于两个对流顶层(75%)的降下并且向下越过对流顶层(25%)同温层的臭氧搬运。tropospheric臭氧侧面的分析在关口中心前在上层的前面区域附近越过对流顶层为充满臭氧的同温层的空气的不可逆的搬运/混合提供了证据。这臭氧侵入由上面的tropospheric风经历了下游的运输，导致由在从向经由南朝鲜的北日本海的华东延长的宽广区域上的1216杜的TCO的另外的增加。气象学的分析也在中间和更低的对流层在气旋的发展前显示出同温层的侵入的领先。

简介：AbstractImportance:There are a variety of musculoskeletal malformations and injuries that can occur in newborns. These can be a significant cause of perinatal death or a reason for miscarriage and can lead to long-term functional issues if not managed appropriately. There is no systematic and well-established screening program for neonatal musculoskeletal malformations and injuries in China now.Objective:To report the incidence and types of congenital musculoskeletal malformations in two hospitals in Shenzhen City, to explore and discuss the details of the screening procedure and improve future prevention and treatment.Methods:From October 2013 to May 2014, 2564 one-day-old newborns were screened by a pediatric orthopedic physical examination, in combination with ultrasonography when required, and the incidence and variety of diseases were recorded statistically.Results:Among 2564 screened newborns, the following musculoskeletal conditions were identified: congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) (seven cases, 0.27%), hip subluxation (four cases, 0.16%), hip dysplasia (47 cases, 1.83%), congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV) (two cases, 0.08%), congenital talipes calcaneovalgus (15 cases, 0.58%), polydactyly (nine cases, 0.35%), syndactyly (one case, 0.04%), and spinal hemivertebra (one case, 0.04%). Additionally, there were five (0.19%) neonates with birth injuries.Interpretation:It is feasible to carry out neonatal screening and identification of musculoskeletal malformations and birth injuries in China. This is helpful as timely detection and early intervention for many of these conditions can avoid permanent functional impairment in these children.

简介：AbstractBackground:Worldwide, the volume and availability of digestive endoscopy have undergone dramatic development in recent years, with increasing attention on quality assurance. We investigated the utilization and quality of digestive endoscopy in China from 2015 to 2019 and developed a quantitative quality evaluation tool for medical institutions.Methods:We invited all tertiary/secondary hospitals in Chinese mainland to participate in the survey annually. The questionnaires included the personnel, annual volume, and quality indicators of endoscopy. An endoscopy quality index (EQI) was developed based on recorded quality indicators using principal component analysis to determine the relative weight.Results:From 2015 to 2019, 806, 1412, 2644, 2468, and 2541 hospitals were respectively enrolled in this study. The average annual volume of endoscopy increased from 12,445 to 16,206 (1.30-fold) and from 2938 to 4255 (1.45-fold) in tertiary and secondary hospitals, respectively. The most obvious growth was observed in diagnostic colonoscopy (1.44-fold for all hospitals after standardization). The proportion of early cancer among all esophageal and gastric cancers during diagnostic esophagogastroduodenoscopy increased from 12.3% (55,210/448,861) to 17.7% (85,429/482,647) and from 11.4% (69,411/608,866) to 16.9% (107,192/634,235), respectively. The adenoma detection rate of diagnostic colonoscopy increased from 14.9% (2,118,123/14,215,592) to 19.3% (3,943,203/20,431,104). The EQI model included 12 quality indicators, incorporating 64.9% (7.792/12) of the total variance into one comprehensive index. According to the EQI measurements, the quality of endoscopy was higher in tertiary hospitals and hospitals in developed areas with higher volume or more endoscopists than that in other hospitals.Conclusions:Digestive endoscopy in China has developed considerably in recent years in terms of both volume and quality. The EQI is a promising tool to quantify the quality of endoscopy at different hospitals.

简介：ＰｒｅｌｉｍｉｎａｒｙｒｅｓｕｌｔｓｏｎｋｉｎｅｍａｔｉｃｍｏｄｅｌｏｆｔｅｃｔｏｎｉｃｂｌｏｃｋｓｄｅｒｉｖｅｄｆｒｏｍｈｉｇｈｐｒｅｃｉｓｉｏｎＧＰＳｏｂｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎｓｉｎＳｏｕｔｈｗｅｓｔＣｈｉｎａＬＩＲＥＮＨＵＡＮＧ１）（黄立人）...

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简介：Basedontheclassical(matrixtype)input-outputanalysis,atypeofnonlinear(continuoustype)conditionalLeontiefmodel,input-outputequationwereintroduced,aswellasthreecorrespondingquestions,namely,solvability,continuityandsurjectivity,andsomefixedpointandsurjectivitymethodsinnonlinearanalysiswereusedtodealwiththesequestions.Asaresult,themaintheoremsareobtained,whichprovidesomesufficientcriterionstosolveabovequestionsdescribedbytheboundarypropertiesoftheenterprise'sconsumingoperator.

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