简介：ObjectivesToevaluatetheimpactofstentimplantationonproliferationandapop-tosisininjuredmediavascularsmoothmusclecells(VSMC)andtoexplorethemechanismofrestenosisafterstentimplantation.MethodsFiftymaleNewZealandrabbitswererandomizedintotwogroups,includingballoongroupandstentgroup.Controlgroupwassetup.Thesampleswereharvestedon3,7,14,28,56daysafteroperationandthefollowinginvestigationwascarriedout:(1)Assessingtheexpressionofproliferatingcellnuclearantigen(PCNA)ofmediaVSMCbythemethodofimmunohistochemistry;(2)AnalyzingapoptosisofmediaVSMCbyDNAagarosegelelectrophoresisandTUNELtechnique.ResultsTheexpressionofPCNAandapoptosisinstentandballoongroupsweremarkedlyincreasedcomparedwithcontrolgroups.(1)StentgroupinducedsignificantincreasedexpressionofPCNAinthemediaVSMCcomparedwithballoongroupon3to28days.Onday7,thepositiveratesofPCNAwere24.36±0.55%vs18.74±1.09%

简介：ＥＸＰＲＥＳＳＩＯＮＯＦＥＢＶＬＡＴＥＮＴＭＥＭＢＲＡＮＥＰＲＯＴＥＩＮＩＮＥＳＯＰＨＡＧＥＡＬＣＡＲＣＩＮＯＭＡＡＮＤＰＡＲＡＣＡＮＣＥＲＯＵＳＭＵＣＯＳＡＷｕＭｉｎｇｙａｏ吴名耀ＬｉａｎｇＹｉｎｇｒｕｉ梁英锐ＷｕＸｉａｎｙｉｎｇ吴贤英Ｄｅｐａｒ...

简介：AbstractBackground:Circular RNA ciRS-7 has been reported to be involved in the progression of various cancers. However, ciRS-7 expression and its role in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) progression remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ciRS-7 expression on ccRCC and the related signaling pathway.Methods:ciRS-7 expression was analyzed using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in 87 pairs of ccRCC and matched adjacent normal tissues. The role of ciRS-7 in ccRCC cell proliferation and invasion was determined using the cell counting kit-8 and invasion assays, respectively. Potential mechanisms underlying the role of ciRS-7 in promoting ccRCC progression were explored by Western blotting. The relationship between the expression of ciRS-7 and features of ccRCC was analyzed by the Chi-square test and progression-free survival was determined using a Kaplan-Meier plot.Results:ciRS-7 was overexpressed in ccRCC tissues compared with that in matched adjacent normal tissues. In addition, ciRS-7 up-regulation was closely associated with tumor diameter (P = 0.050), clinical stage (P = 0.009), and distant metastasis (P = 0.007). ciRS-7 knockdown in 786O and 769P cells markedly inhibited their proliferative and invasive abilities. In addition, ciRS-7 inhibition reduced phosphorylated epidermal growth factor receptor (p-EGFR) and phosphorylated serine/threonine kinase (p-Akt) levels.Conclusions:ciRS-7 up-regulation could promote ccRCC cell proliferation and invasion, which may be related with the EGFR/Akt signaling pathway. ciRS-7 might be a potential ccRCC therapeutic target.

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简介：Objective:Toamplifyantigengenesfrompatientswithhumanimmunodeficiencyvirustype1(HIV-1)inGuangdongProvinceforcandidateAIDSvaccinedesign.Methods:Viralnucleicacidwasisolatedfrom10HIV-1infectedindividuals'peripheralbloodcollectedduring1995-2000inGuangdongProvince.Theviralgagp24geneandenvgp120genewereamplifiedbynested-PCRandsequenced.ThehomologiesamongHIV-1isolateswerecomparedwithHIV-BLAST.Results:Among10HIV-1isolates,ninearehomologoustovirusesofsubtypeB,andoneishomologoustovirusesofsubtypeE.Conclusion:SubtypeBvirusesofHIV-1arepredominantlypresentinGuangdongProvince.

简介：backgroundIt'sestablishedthatAngiotensinⅡanditsreceptorsareinvolvedinintimalhyperplasiaafterballooninjuryandstentrestenosis.Recentevidencealsosuggeststhatstatinshavesomeanti-intimalhyperplasiaeffects.Inthisstudy,theeffectofRosuvastatinonexpressionofangiotensinⅡreceptorsinrataorticendotheliumafterballooninjuryisthereforeinvestigated.MethodsAll52WistarKyotoratswereestablishedtoaortainjurymodelsby2Fballooncatheter,thenwererandomlydividedintoshamoperationgroup,aortainjurygroupandRosuvastatin-treatmentgroup.After14days,theaorticspecimensoftheanimalswereharvestedandperformedimmunohistochemistryanddeterminationofmolecularbiology.ResultsTheresultsshowedthat(i)The14days-ballooninjuryinducedobviousintimathickening(P<0.01),however,thephenomenonwasreducedby14days-treatmentwithRosuvastatin(P<0.01).(ii)TheexpressionsofangiotentionⅡtypeⅠ(AT1)andtypeⅡ(AT2)receptormRNAandproteinweremarkedlyup-regulatedbytheballooninjury(P<0.01),after14days-treatmentwithRosuvastatin,theexpressionofAT1receptormRNAanditsproteinwasdecreased(P<0.01),buttheexpressionofAT2receptormRNAanditsproteinwasfurtherincreased(P<0.05).ConclusionInthisstudy,weobservedthattheballooninjuryinduced-intimathickeningwasreducedbyRosuvastatininrats,whichmightbelinkedwiththeregulationofexpressionofangiotensinⅡreceptors.

简介：AIMTo在真菌的部件zymosan在.METHODSHCFs是的有教养的人的角膜的成纤维细胞(HCF)导致的proinflammatorycytokine和chemokine表示上调查triptolide的效果在zymosan或triptolide的缺席或存在有教养。interleukin(IL)的版本-6,IL-8，和进文化上层清液的单核白血球chemoattractantprotein-1(MCP-1)与连接酶的immunosorbent试金被测量。细胞的许多为这些蛋白质的mRNAs被反向的抄写和即时聚合酶链反应分析决定。激活mitogen的蛋白质kinases(MAPK)和内长的原子factor-κ的phosphorylation；B(NF-κ；B)禁止者Iκ；B-α；被immunoblot分析检验。版本喂奶从HCF的脱氢酶(LDH)活动被测量，比色的assay.RESULTSTriptolide禁止了从在一个集中依赖者和时间依赖者举止的HCF的IL-6，IL-8，和MCP-1的导致zymosan的版本。它也在这些房间禁止了IL-6，IL-8，和MCP-1mRNA丰富的导致zymosan的起来规定。而且，triptolide稀释了MAPK的导致zymosan的phosphorylation细胞外的调整信号的kinase(英皇家空军之阶级最低之兵)，c6月NH2-terminalkinase(JNK)，和象Iκ的phosphorylation和降级一样的p38；B-α；。Triptolide没多半展出cytotoxicity因为HCFs.CONCLUSIONTriptolide由暴露于zymosan的HCF禁止了proinflammatorycytokine和chemokine生产，随这个行动被MAPK和NF-κ的抑制调停；B发信号小径。这混合物可能因此被期望限制煽动性的房间的渗入进与真菌的感染联系的角膜。

简介：Topreparemonoclonalantibodyspecifictoepidermalgrowthfactorreceptor(EGFR)intracellulardomain,itsgenewasamplifiedfromtotalRNAofA431cellbyRT-PCR.ThenthegenewasclonedintoprokaryoticvectorpET30a(+).TherecombinantplasmidwastransformedintoE.ColiBL21(DE3)strainforproteinexpression.RecombinantproteinwasinducedwithIPTGandpurifiedusingNi2+-NTAagarose.Thentheanti-EGFRmonoclonalantibody(nAb)waspreparedwithclassicalhybridomatechnique.Positivecloneswereselectedusingindirectenzyme-linkedinmunoabsorbentassay(ELISA).Totally4hybridomacloneswereobtainedandthesemAbswereIgG1(3clones)andIgG2a(1clone),respectively.Theirlightchainswereallkappachains.WesternblottinganalysisandconfocalimmunofluorescenceassaysdemonstratedthatmAbscouldspecificallyrecognizeEGFRexpressingonA431carcinomacellline.ThemAbswillbeusefulinthestudyofEGFR-mediatedsignaltransduction.

简介：瞄准：在正常检测易碎的组氨酸三个一组(FHIT)的表示，并且分析它的关系，织物CRC，和联系apoptosis的蛋白质展示clinicopathological渲染表面的织物，渲染表面的腺瘤并且渲染表面的癌症(CRC)(Bcl-2，Bax，survivin)并且在颜色的apoptosis表面的癌症。方法：FHITmRNA分析被嵌套的反向的抄写聚合酶执行链反应(RT-PCR)试金。织物微数组(TMA)被建立在80个CRC织物标本检测FHIT，Bcl-2，Bax和survivin基因的表示，16在象控制的时间的一样的时期期间渲染表面的腺瘤织物标本和16个痔(PPH)织物标本。Citrate-microwave-SP被用作免疫组织化学的方法。在clinicopathological因素之间的关系，例如区别，等级和5年的幸存率被观察。TUNEL试金被用来在80个CRC织物标本检测apoptosis索引。结果：十(38.5%)从26，CRC织物标本表示了异常FHIT抄本，任何一个都没在匹配的正常织物异常FHIT抄本被观察并且由嵌套的RT-PCR渲染表面的腺瘤织物试金。在正常的FHIT基因表示的积极的率渲染表面的织物，渲染表面的腺瘤和癌织物分别地是93.75%，68.75%和46.25%。病人的Clinicopathological分析证明减少的FHIT基因表示没与年龄，性别，浆液CEA层次，肿瘤地点和尺寸被联系，组织学的分类。然而，FHIT的表示与等级，病理学的阶段，淋巴节点转移和5年的幸存在操作以后评估的区别被相关。在CRC织物的联系apoptosis的蛋白质(Bax，Bcl-2和survivin)的积极的率分别地是72.50%，51.25%和77.50%。在CRC织物的这些联系apoptosis的蛋白质的表示与FHIT的表示被相关。在FHIT否定肿瘤的吝啬的apoptosis索引在FHIT积极肿瘤是比那显著地低的(5.41+/-0.23对0.56+/-0.10，P<0.01)。结论：FHIT基因在apoptosis的规定起一个重要作用，减少的FHIT表示在肤色的开始和前进起一�

简介：Microarrayanalysesofgeneexpressionarewidelyused,butreportsofthesameanalysesbydifferentgroupsgivewidelydivergentresults,andraisequestionsregardingreproducibilityandreliability.Wetakeasanexamplerecentpublishedreportsonmicroarrayexperimentsthatweredesignedtoidentifyretinoicacidresponsivegenes.Thesereportsshowsubstantialdifferencesintheirresults.Inthisarticle,wereviewthemethodology,results,andpotentialcausesofdifferencesintheseapplicationsofmicroarrays.Finally,wesuggestpracticestoimprovethereliabilityandreproducibilityofmicroarrayexperiments.

简介：ObjectivesToinvestigatethechangesofβ3-adrenoceptor(β3-AR)mRNAexpressionintheratswithchronicheartfailure(CHF),andtoexploretheeffectofβblockers(βBs)onβ3mRNAexpression.MethodsThirty-fourratswererandomlydividedintoShamgroup(n=10)andheartfailuregroup(n=24).Ratmodelwasestablishedbyaorticconstriction.Thesurvivalratsinheartfailuregroupweredividedintoheartfailurecontrolgroup(HFgroup,n=6),metoprololgroup(METgroup,n=8)andcarvedilolgroup(CARgroup,n=8)threemonthsafteroperation.Metoprololtartartewasstartedorallywith12mg·kg-1·d-1,carvedilolwith6mg·kg-1·d-1,isometricsalinewasstartedinHFgroup.Afterthreemonthsofdrugtherapy,measurementofhemodynamics,indexofventricularmass,thelevelofβ3-ARmRNAexpressionwereperformed.ResultsComparedwithShamgroup,leftventricularendsystolicpressure(LVESP),andtheabsolutevaluesofmaximalrateofriseandfall(±dp/dtmax)ofleftventricularpressurewereallsignificantlydecreased(P<0.01),leftventricularenddiastolicpressure(LVEDP)wassignificantlyincreasedinHFgroup(P<0.01).ThehemodynamicparameterswereimprovedbyβBs,andcarvedilolwasmoreeffectivethanmetoprolol(P<0.01).TheindexofventricularmasswashigherinHFgroupthanMETgroup,CARgroupandShamgroup(P<0.01).βBssignificantlydecreasedtheindexofleftventricularmass(LVMI),andCarvedilolwasmoreeffectivethanmetoprolol(P<0.01).Theindexofrightventricularmass(RVMI)didnotchangeinMETgroup(P>0.05),butsignificantdecreasecouldbeseeninCARgroup(P<0.01).Thelevelofβ3-ARexpressioninleftventriclewasgreaterthanthatinrightventriclewhetherinthefailingheartorinthenon-failingheart.ComparedwithShamgroup,thelevelofβ3-ARmRNAexpressionwassignificantlyincreasedinHFgroup(P<0.01).Thelevelsofβ3-ARmRNAexpressionshowedaremarkabledecreaseinCARgroup(P<

简介：瞄准：评估雄激素受体(AR)在临床上局部性的前列腺癌症(PCa)的表示。方法：标本从没有neoadjuvant，为临床上局部性的职业人员静电干扰腺癌经历了激进的前列腺切除术的232个病人被学习在我们在2001年11月和2005年6月之间的机构的神经质的治疗或化疗。Immunohistochemical学习用反人的AR单音的同种细胞的抗体AR441被执行。在在一样的节以内的不同组织学的区域的热点的吝啬的AR密度被比较，有象格利森那样的参数获得的clinicopathological的恶意的上皮的AR密度的关联，肿瘤，节点和转移(TNM)上演并且预告的处理前列腺特定的抗原(PSA)价值被估计。结果：AR免疫反应是几乎只原子的并且在肿瘤房间，非肿瘤的腺的上皮的房间和peritumoral的一个比例被观察并且内部腺的stromal房间。AR积极的上皮的房间的吝啬的百分比在正常前列腺纸巾比那在癌症纸巾是显著地更高的(吝啬的±SD，90.0%±9.3%vs.85.3%±9.7%，P<0.001)。组织学的分数产出类似的结果。AR免疫的百分比反应专业版静电干扰癌症原子核和组织学的分数没在这个通过手术对待的队与象格利森分数，肿瘤，节点和转移舞台和预告的处理PSA价值那样的存在参数被相关。结论：现在的学习的结果建议可以为决定AR表示有有限临床的使用(如果在热点评估了)在有局部性的PCa的人。

简介：Thehyperpolarization-activatedcurrent(If)playsanimportantroleindeterminingthespontaneousrateofcardiacpacemakercells.Theautomaticrhythmicityalsoexistsinworkingcellsofembryonicheart,thereforewestudieddevelopmentalchangesinfunctionalexpressionandβ-adrenergicregulationofIfinembryonicmouseheart.TheexpressionofIfishighinearlydevelopmentalstage(EDS)(10.5daftercoitus)ventricularmyocytes,lowinintermediatedevelopmentalstage(IDS)(13.5d)atrialorventricularmyocytesandevenlowerinlatedevelopmentalstage(LDS)(16.5d)atrialorventricularmyocytes,indicatingthatthesecellsoftheEDSembryonichearthavesomepropertiesofpacemakercells.β-adrenergicagonistisoproterenol(ISO)stimulatesIfinLDSbutnotinEDScardiomyocytes,indicatingthattheβ-adrenergicregulationofIfisnotmatureinEDSembryonicheart.Butforskolin(adirectactivatorofadenylatecyclase)and8-Br-cAMP(amembrane-permeableanalogueofcAMP)increasetheamplitudeofIfinEDScells,indicatingthatadenylatecyclaseandcAMPfunctionfairlywellatearlystageofdevelopment.Furthermore,theresultsdemonstratethatIfismodulatedbyphosphorylationviacAMPdependentPKAbothinEDSandLDScells.

简介：瞄准：由transfecting观察肝炎B复制和表示的抑制基于向量的小干扰RNA(siRNA)pGenesil-HBVX指向HBVX基因区域进HepG2.2.15房间。方法：pGenesil-HBVX被构造并且transfected进经由lipofection的HepG2.2.15房间。HBV抗原分泌物被决定在由解决时间的immunofluorometric试金(TRFIA)的transfection以后的24，48，和72h。HBV复制被荧光检验细胞质的病毒的蛋白质的量的PCR，和表示被免疫组织化学决定。结果：进上层清液的HBsAg和HBeAg的分泌物被发现被28.5%和32.2%禁止(P<0.01)，并且在38.67%(P<0.05)并且42.86%(P<0.01)在在pGenesil-HBVXtransfection以后的48h和72h分别地。为细胞质的HBsAg染色的Immunohistochemical在HepG2.2.15房间显示出类似的衰落在transfection以后的48h。在文化上层清液以内的HBV染色体的数字显著地也被减少48h和由荧光PCR确定了的72hpost-transfection(P<0.05)。结论：在HepG2.2.15房间，HBV复制和表示被指向编码区域的HBVX的基于向量的siRNApGenesil-HBVX禁止。

简介：Objective:Toobservetheexpressionoflamininandfibronectininalkali-burnedcorneasinrats.Methods:Atotalof18normalWistarratswererandomlydividedinto6groups(n=3ineachgroup).Foreachrat,oneeyewasinjuredbyalkaliburn,theotheronewastakenasthenormalcontrol.Thenallthecorneasweresurgicallyremovedandtheexpressionoflamininandfibronectinwasobservedwithimmunohistochemistryrespectivelyat7hours,1day,3days,7days,14daysand28daysafteralkaliburn.Results:Comparedwiththatofthenormalcontrols,theexpressionoflamininandfibronectinoftheburnedeyeswasdramaticallyhigherat7hours,reachedpeakat14daysanddecreasedtothenormallevelat28daysafteralkaliburn.Conclusions:Intheprocessofwoundhealingafteralkaliburn,theexpressionoflamininandfibronectinincreasesdramatically,whichsuggeststhatlamininandfibronectinmayparticipateintheprocessofcornealwoundhealing.

简介：BACKGROUND:Studieshavedemonstratedthatthemechanismsunderlyingcellularapoptosissignaltransductionfocusontwopathways:intracellularmitochondriaandextracellulardeathreceptor.Thecurrentevidencesupportsthatsignaltransductionofcellularapoptosisalsoincludesendoplasmicreticulumstresssignaltransduction.OBJECTIVE:ToobserveCaspase-12expressionandcellularapoptosisfollowingischemiainratswithprogressivespinalcordcompression,andtoverifytheinfluenceofendoplasmicreticulumstressontheapoptosisinducedbyspinalcordinjury.DESIGN,TIMEANDSETTING:Arandomized,controlled,animaltrialwasperformedattheInstituteofNeuroscienceinChongqingMedicalUniversitybetweenJanuaryandOctoberin2006.MATERIALS:Immunohistochemicalkit,diaminobenzidine,andTUNELkitwerepurchasedfromBeijingZhongshanBiotechnology,China;rabbitanti-ratCaspase-12monoclonalantibodywasprovidedbySantaCruz,USA.METHODS:SixtyWistarrats,aged3-4months,wererandomlyassignedtoamodelgroup(n=50),whichunderwentspinalcordcompressionintheL_1segmentfollowingL_1laminectomyandarticularprocessexcisiontoestablishamodelofprogressivespinalcordcompression,andasham-surgerygroup(n=10),whichunderwentonlylaminectomy.Startingwiththefirstdayaftersurgery,theratswerelocallyanesthetized,theskinwasopened,andthescrewwasrotatedby1/4ofacycle,twiceweekly.MAINOUTCOMEMEASURES:At3,7,14,21,and28daysaftersurgery,ratsfromeachgroupwereanesthetized,andthespinalcordswereresected.Pathologicalchangesfollowingspinalcordcompressionweredeterminedusinghematoxylin-eosinstaining,Nissldye,andtransmissionelectronmicroscopy.TheTUNELmethodwasusedtoobserveneuronalapoptosisinthecompressedspinalcordsegments.ImmunohistochemistryandWesternblotwereutilizedtodetectCaspase-12expressioninthecompressedsegments.RESULTS:Cellularswelling,neuraldegeneration,andalteredendoplasmicreticulumstructureswereobservedat3days

简介：瞄准：观察效果是在老鼠肝细胞的cyclinD1表示上的化学家preconditioning在期间早是化学家灌注。方法：54只SD老鼠随机被划分成是preconditioning组(IP)，ischemia/reperfusion组(红外)和假冒的操作组织的化学家(那么)。IP和红外组进一步被划分成四亚群(n=6)。假冒的操作组(那么)担任了控制组(n=6)。部分肝ischemia/reperfusion的一个模型被使用，在哪个老鼠在灌注以前为60min受到肝局部缺血。在IP组的动物经历了在ischemia/reperfusion挑战以前每次为5min是化学家preconditioning两次。在灌注的0，1，2，和4h以后，在每个组的浆液和肝织物被收集检测浆液中高音，肝组织病理学说和cyclinD1mRNA和蛋白质的表示的水平。流动血细胞计数被用来作为房间新生的数量指示物检测房间周期。结果：与红外组相比，IP组在1h显示出显著地更低的中高音水平到4h亚群(P<0.05)。增长索引(PI)由S阶段和G2/M-phase比率显示了[(S+G2/M)/(G0/G1+S+G2/M)]显著地在0和1h在IP组被增加(26.44+/-7.60%对18.56+/-6.40%，41.87+/-7.27%对20.25+/-6.70%，P<0.05)。同时，cyclinD1蛋白质表示能在IP组被检测。但是在红外组，，cyclinD1蛋白质表示发生了在灌注以后的2h。在IP显著地增加的cyclinD1mRNA的表示在0和1h组织(0.568+/-0.112对0.274+/-0.069，0.762+/-0.164对0.348+/-0.093，P<0.05)。结论：局部缺血preconditioning能保护肝细胞免于ischemia/reperfusion损害，它可能早与房间增长和cyclinD1的表示有关在期间是化学家灌注。

简介：昆虫chitinases从皮骨骼或midgut的peritrophicmetrix涉及几丁质的降级。在草之小穗migratoria，二复制Cht5s(LmCht5-1和LmCht5-2)被显示了有不同分子的特征和生物角色。探索二LmCht5s的蛋白质性质，我们heterologously在SF9房间用baculovirus表示系统表示了两酶，并且描绘运动并且净化的酶的糖类绑定性质。LmCht5-1和LmCht5-2展出了类似的pH和温度最佳。LmCht5-1有更低的K为oligomeric底层的m价值(4MU-(GlcNAc)3),和更高的K为更长的底层(CM-Chitin-RBV)的m价值与LmCht5-2相比。催化领域当模特儿的氨基酸和相同的比较介绍了类似的提姆桶结构并且区分了在二蛋白质之间的氨基酸。LmCht5-1有几丁质绑定域(CBD)紧，到胶体的几丁质的界限，而是LmCht5-2没为绑定有CBD到胶体的几丁质。我们的结果建议LmCht5-1和LmCht5-2，在催化领域的区域II有批评glutamate残余，展出了chitinolytic活动劈开聚合并且oligomeric底层。LmCht5-1对oligomeric底层举办了相对更高的活动，4MU-(GlcNAc)3,而LmCht5-2向更长的底层展出了更高的活动，CM-Chitin-RBV。这些调查结果是有用的让进一步的研究在昆虫生长和开发澄清他们的不同角色。

简介：ObjectiveToconstructaprokaryoticexpressionvectorbearingfusiongeneNT4-ADNF-9forfuturestudiesongenetictherapiesforsensorineuraldeafness.MethodsDoublestrandADNF-9cDNAwassynthesizedusingasymmetricalprimer/templatesandligatedtothe3'terminalofsignalandleaderpeptidesofneurotrophin4(NT4).ThefusiongeneNT4-ADNF-9,wassubclonedintoprokaryoticexpressionvectorpBV220,andnamedpBV220/NT4-ADNF-9.DNAsequenceofthefusiongenewasanalyzed.ThefusionproteinwasisolatedbySDS-PAGEanditsbioactivitywasevaluatedusingprimarycultureofday8chickenembryonicDRGcells.ResultsThecorrectsequenceoffusiongeneNT4-ADNF-9wassuccessfullysubclonedintothepBV220vector.TheexpressedADNF-9proteinshoweditseffectsinpromotingcellsurvivalandneuritegrowth.ConclusionProkaryoticexpressionvectorpBV220/NT4-ADNF-9wasconstructedsuccessfullyandtheexpressedfusionproteindemonstratedsatisfactorybioactivity.

简介：Aim:Toidentifythegenesspecificallyexpressedinhumanadultandfetaltestesandspermatozoa.Methods:AhumantestiscDNAmicroarraywasestablished.ThenmRNAsofhumanadultandfetaltestisandspermatozoawerepurifiedandprobeswerepreparedbyareversetranscriptionreactionwithmRNAasthetemplate.Themicroarraywashybridizedwithprobesofadultandfetaltestesandspermatozoa.ThenucleicacidsequencesofdifferentiallyexpressedgenesweredeterminedandhomologiesweresearchedinthedatabasesofGenBank.Results:Anovelhumantestis-specificgene,PKH-T,wasidentifiedbyhybridizingadultandfetaltestisandspermatozoaprobeswithahumantestiscDNAmicroarray.ThecDNAofPKH-Twas1069bpinlength.ThecDNAsequenceofthisclonewasdepositedintheGenbank(AY303972)andPKH-TwasalsodeterminedasInterimGenSymbol(Unigene,HS.38041).PKH-TcontainedmostPKHconservedmotif.The239aminoacidsequencesdeducedfromthe719bpopenreadingframe(ORF)hadahomologywiththegenePKH(U89606).PKH-Twasspecificallyandstronglyexpressedinthetestis.ComparisonofthedifferentialexpressionsofPKHandPKH-Tintestesofdifferentdevelop-mentalstagesindicatedthatPKH-Twasexpressedintheadulttestisandspermatozoa,whilePKH,intheadult,fetalandagedtestes.PKH-ThadnoexpressioninthetestisofSertolicellonlyandpartiallyspermatogenicarrestpatients.Conclusion:PKH-Tisagenehighlyexpressedinadulthumantestisandspermatozoa.Itmayplayanimportantroleinspermatogenesisandcouldberelatedtomaleinfertility.