简介:斑马鱼能够做一件神奇的事情:它的脊髓在被切断后能够完全愈合,但是对人类而言,这是一种瘫痪性的经常是致命性的损伤。在一项新的研究中,来自美国杜克大学的研究人员在观察斑马鱼修复它们自身的脊髓损伤时。他们发现一种特定的蛋白在这个过程中发挥着重要作用。这一发现可能导致人体组织修复取得新的进展。相关研究结果发表在Science期刊上。当斑马鱼被切断的脊髓经历再生时,一种桥状结构会形成。首批细胞延伸一段为它们的自己长度的几十倍的距离。并且跨过这种损伤产生的宽宽的切断口将切断的脊髓连接起来。神经细胞随后也这样做。到8周时,新的神经组织填充这个切断口。因而这些斑马鱼完全逆转了它们的严重瘫痪症状。
简介:InteractionbetweencytotoxicTlymphocyte-associatedantigen-4(CTLA4,CD152)andB7molecules(B7-1andB7-2)isofimportanceinthecellulareventsoflymphocyte,includingantigen-specificT-cellactivationandinductionofautoreactiveT-cell.WedescribehaerethefirstintroductionofamurinesolubleCTLA4gene,CTLA4Ig,toMm1cells,amacrophagiccellline.CTLA4IgwassuccessfullyexpressedonMm1cellsandtheexpressedCTLA4IgwasfoundtobefunctionallyactiveintheirbindingtoB7moleculesbyflowcytometryandimmunofluorescencestudies.ThebiologicalactivityofCTLA4IgfromthetransfectedMm1cellswasstudiedandshowedinhibitoryactivityonmixedlymphocyteculture.AhighCTLA4Igproducingmacrophagiccelllinewasobtained.AsMm1cellswereregardedasdifficultforgenetransfectionandtherehassofarbeennoreportonexpressionofCTLA4IggeneonMm1cells,theseresultssuggestedthattheCELA4IgexpressingMm1cellscouldbeusefulforanalysisofCTLA4andB8moleculeinteractioninbothmacrophageandT-cell.
简介:Trichosanthin(TCS)isapotentallergentomice.Accordingtoourpreviousexperiments,itcouldbringouttheIgEresponsetoovabumin(OVA)ifTCSwasgivenonedaybeforeOVAimmunization,whileOVAalonecouldnotinduceIgEtoit.Inthiswork,thekineticsofinterleukin4(IL-4)andinterferonγ(IFN-γ)geneexpressioninthemesentericlymphnode(MLN)ofTCS-immunizedmicewasinvestigatedusingasemi-quantitativeRT-PCRmethod.ItindicatedthatTCSinducedsignificantIL-4geneexpressionandthepeaksofIL4geneexpressionwereondayoneafterTCSimmunizationinbothprimaryandsecondaryresponse.Incontrast,theIFN-γgeneexpressionwassuppressed.Furthermor,theIL-4geneexpressioninthesecondaryresponsewaslowerthanthatintheprimaryresponse.ThusthepresenceofIgEmemoryBcellswerestudied.ResultsshowedthattheamountofmatureIgEmRNAarosesignificantlyandrapidlyonedayafterTCSrestimulation,whileintheMLNofthemiceprimed30daysbeforeandwithoutboost,itwasalmostasthesameamountoftheunimmunizedcontrol.ThesefindingssuggesttheexistenceoftheIgEmemoryBcellsinthemiceaftertheprimaryTCSimmunization.
简介:报道了内蒙古白粉菌4个新记录种,分别是寄生在白桦Betulaplatyphylla上的桦木白粉菌Erysiphebetulina、大果榆Ulmusmacrocarpa上的榆白粉菌原变种Erysipheulmivar.ulmi、刺果茶藤Ribesburejense上的醋栗单囊白粉菌Podosphaeramors-uvae和栾树Koelreuteriapaniculata上的栾树叉钩丝壳Sawadaeakoelreuteriae。其中,白桦Betulaplatyphylla和刺果茶蔗子Ribesburejense为上述白粉菌的国内新记录寄主,文中提供了详细的形态描述和线条图。引证标本保存在赤峰学院菌物标本室(CFSZ)。
简介:Asimplemethodtocreateachromosome-specificDNAlibrqaryofrice,includingmicrodissection,amplification,charterizationandcloning,isdescribed.Ricechromosome4fromametaphasecellhasbeenisolatedandamplifiedbytheLinkerAdapterPCR(LA-PCR).ThePCRproductswerelabeledasprobeswithDIG-11-dUTPusingtherandomprimingmethod.SouthernblotanalysiswithricegenomicDNAandspecificRFLPmarkersdemonstratedthatthePCRproductswerederivedfromricechromosome4.Alargelibrarycomprisingover100,000recombinantplasmidmicroclonesfromricechromosome4wasconstructed.Colonyhybridizationshowedthat58%oftheclonescontainedsingleorlow-copysequencesand42%containedrepetitivesequences.ThesizeofinsertsgeneratedbyPCRrangedfrom140bpto500bp.ThismethodwillfacilitatecloningofthespecificchromosomeDNAmarkersandimportantgenesofrice.
简介:植物生长发育过程中会遭遇各种病原物的攻击,植物为了应对这些危害并适应外界的生存竞争,逐渐演化出了复杂的防御机制。NHL基因家族庞大,部分NHL基因受病原物诱导后会过量表达,增强植物对多种病原菌的抗性,是与植物防御机制密切相关的蛋白。本研究以津南实芹和美国西芹2个芹菜品种为试验材料,分别克隆出NHL-like蛋白基因AgNHL。序列分析表明,上述2种芹菜的AgNHL基因序列均含636bp的开放阅读框,编码211个氨基酸。2种芹菜碱基序列,只有第36位不同,津南实芹为T,美国西芹为C,2种碱基序列相似性高达99.84%,编码的氨基酸序列相同。进化分析显示,2种芹菜的NHL-like蛋白与葡萄、大豆等植物的相似度较高,在第80~185氨基酸间含一个LEA-2蛋白保守结构域。荧光定量PCR结果表明,AgNHL基因主要在芹菜茎中表达,根中表达量最低,有明显组织特异性,品种差异也很显著。对2种芹菜分别进行4℃低温、38℃高温、20%PEG处理、0.2mol/LNaCl处理2h表达分析显示,低温、盐处理下该基因表达量明显上升。