简介：处理模型，最少的正方形(LS)，Kalman过滤和H∞过滤的三个GPS运动学的数据的特征被讨论，他们的优点和劣势被比较。与观察数据和恰当的数据处理软件，三个模型的适用的条件，上下文和效果被试验。结果证明当活动平台在匀速运动时，三个模型的精确性是几乎相等的；当活动平台在随机的加速时，过滤模型的H∞的精确性比LS的优异，当过滤的Kalman的是最糟时。

简介：Inthispaperweprovideamethodtotesttheexistenceofthechangepointsinthenonparametricregressionfunctionofpartiallylinearmodelswithconditionalheteroscedasticvariance.Weproposetheteststatisticandestablishitsasymptoticpropertiesundersomeregularconditions.Somesimulationstudiesaregiventoinvestigatetheperformanceoftheproposedmethodinfinitesamples.Finally,theproposedmethodisappliedtoarealdataforillustration.

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简介：Theaimofthisinvestigationistostudyhowtouseagravimetric(quasi)geoidforlevellingbyGPSdatainanoptimalway.TheadventofprecisegeodeticGPShasmadetheuseofatechniquepossible,whichmightbecalledGPS-gravimetricgeoiddetermination.Inthisapproach,GPSheightsabovethereferenceellipsoidaredeterminedforpointswhoselevelled(orthometric)heightHisabovesealevelpeoplehavealreadysurveyed;forthesepoints,wethushavethevaluesofthegeoidundulationN.ThesevaluesarethenusedtoconstrainthegeoidundulationsN′obtainedfromthegravimetricsolution.

简介：基于在国际软件确定基准点标准组(ISBSG)仓库包含的数据的实验分析，这篇论文基于工程努力论述软件工程计划持续时间模型。持续时间模型为全部数据集并且为为个人计算机开发的工程的子集被造，中间范围并且大型机平台。持续时间模型也为比努力并且为要求努力的超过400人小时的工程的400人小时要求少数的工程被构造。作为第二个独立变量增加分配资源的最大的数字解释持续时间也被分析的实用性。从在功能的功能的尺寸削尖的工程直接造持续时间模型的机会也被调查。电子增补材料这件物品(doi:10.1007/s11390-007-9051-5)的联机版本contatins增补材料，它对授权用户可得到。

简介：作为要学习的区域拿欧洲的主要陆地，新卫星重力技术的潜力：追踪的satellite-to-satellite(SST)并且与SST模型一起改进地区性的重力场模型的精确性被调查。这些模型的缺点被讨论。与是的GPM98C参考，几个另外的模型，的严肃异例剩余最近的SST全球重力场模型(EIGEN系列和GGM系列)，被计算并且比较。在选择区域，有期刊性质的一些系统的错误在EIGEN和GGM存在的比较表演的结果是在高度和顺序的S系列模型。没在经典严肃模型被显示出的一些信息在EIGEN和GGM的S系列模型的低、中间的度和顺序被检测。最后，SST模型的有效的最大的度和订单被建议。

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简介：Inthispaper,thedevelopmentofthestudiesontheweather-yieldsimulationandforecastingmodelinChinaisbrieflyreviewed,andthemainfeaturesofthecurrentdevelopmentstagearepresented.Moreover,throughexamplesthetechnicalcharacters,approachesandexperimentalresultsaredetailedlydescribedanddiscussedofseveralmajorstatisticalforecastingmodels,dynamiccropgrowthsimulationandthesatelliteremotesensingmethodstoestimatecropyield.Finally,thelineoffurtherdevelopmentandtheappliedfieldarepointedout.Atthepresenttime,inparticular,usingtheabove-mentionedmodellingtechniquestosimu-lateandevaluatethepossibleimpactofclimaticvariationonagriculturalproductionandfurtheronman’ssurvivalandactivitiesareofaverypracticalsignificanceaswellassocioeconomicbenefits.

简介：作者与双参数涉及一个维的随机的安德森模型的一个类部分噪音，谁的微分操作符是部分的。在一些适当Hilbert空间的模型的一个唯一的解决方案被构造。而且，答案的Lyapunov代表被估计，并且它的Hölder连续性被学习。在另一方面，答案的绝对连续性也被讨论。

简介：Aclassofstationarymodelsofsingularstochasticcontrolhasbeenstudied,inwhichthestateisextendedtosolutionofaclassofS.D.E.fromWienerprocess.Theexistenceofoptimalcontrolhasbeenprovedinallcasesundersomeweakerconditions,andthestructureofoptimalcontrolmaybecharacterized.

简介：Thispaperdescribesthestructure,geometricmodelandgeometriccalibrationofPhotogrammetronI-thefirsttypeofphotogrammetronwhichisdesignedtobeacoherentstereophotogrammetricsysteminwhichtwocamerasaremountedonaphysicalbasebutdrivenbyanintelligentagentarchitecture.Thesystemcalibrationisdividedintotwoparts:thein-labcalibrationdeterminesthefixedparametersinadvanceofsystemoperation,andthein-situcalibrationkeepstrackingthefreeparametersinreal-timeduringthesystemoperation.Inavideosurveillanceset-up,preparedcontrolpointsaretrackedinstereoimagesequences,sothatthefreeparametersofthesystemcanbecontinuouslyupdatedthroughiterativebundleadjustmentandKalmanfiltering.

简介：Itiswellknownthatwhentherandomerrorsareiid.withfinitevariance,theweekandthestrongconsistencyofLSestimateofmultipleregressioncoefficientsareequivalent.Thisnote,byconstructingacounter-example,showsthatthisequivalencenolongerholdstrueincasethattherandomerrorspossessonlyther-thmomentwith1≤r＜2.

简介：Itisnotunusualforthelevelofamonthlyeconomictimeseries,suchasindustrialproduction,retailandwholesalesales,monetaryaggregates,telephonecallsorroadaccidents,tobeinfluencedbycalendareffects.Sucheffectsarisewhenchangesoccurinthelevelofactivityresultingfromdifferencesinthecompositionofcalendarbetweenyears.Thetwomainsourcesofcalendareffectsaretradingdayvariationsandmovingfestivals.Ignoringsuchcalendareffectswillleadtosubstantialdistortionsintheidentificationstageoftimeseriesmodeling.Therefore,itismandatorytointroducecalendareffects,whentheyarepresentinatimeseries,asthecomponentofthemodelwhichonewantstoestimate.

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简介：Polygonalmodelsarepopularrepresentationsof3Dobjects.Theuseofpolygonalmodelsincomputationalapplicationsoftenrequiresamodeltoproperlybounda3Dsolid.Thatis,thepolygonalmodelneedstobeclosed,manifold,andfreeofself-intersections.Thispapersurveysasizeableliteratureforrepairingmodelsthatdonotsatisfythiscriteria,focusingoncategorizingthembytheirmethodologyandcapability.Wehopetoofferpointerstofurtherreadingsforresearchersandpractitioners,andsuggestionsofpromisingdirectionsforfutureresearchendeavors.

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简介：Oftenthelifecycledataoccurascountofthevitaleventsandarerecordedasintegers.Thepurposeofthisarticleistomodelthefertilitybehaviorbasedonreligious,educational,economic,andoccupationalcharacteristics.TheresponsesofclassifiedgroupsaccordingtothesedeterminantsareexaminedforsignificantinfluenceonfertilityusingPoissonregressionmodel(PRM)basedontheNationalFamilyHealthSurvey-3dataset.TheobservedandpredictedprobabilitiesunderPRMindicatemodalvalueoftwochildrenforthePoissondistributionmodeleddata.Presenceofdominanceoftwochildinthedatamotivatestheauthorstoadoptmultinomialregressionmodel(MRM)inordertolinkfertilitywithvarioussocioeconomicindicatorsresponsibleforfertilityvariation.Choiceoftheexplanatoryfactorsislimitedtotheavailabilityofdata.Trendsandpatternsofpreferenceforbirthcountssuggestthatreligion,caste,wealth,femaleeducation,andoccupationarethedominantfactorsshapingtheobservedbirthprocess.Empiricalanalysissuggeststhatboththemodelsusedinthestudyperformsimilarlyonthesampledata.However,fittingofMRMbytakingbirthcountoftwoascomparisoncategoryshowsimprovedAkaikeinformationcriterionandconsistentAkaikeinformationcriterionvalues.CurrentworkcontributestotheexistingliteratureasitattemptstoprovidemoreinsightintothedeterminantsofIndianfertilityusingPoissonandMRM.

简介：Internationallyearthquakeinsurance,likeallotherinsurance(fire,auto),adoptedactuarialapproachinthepast,whichis,basedonhistoricallossexperiencetodetermineinsurancerate.Duetothefactthatearthquakeisarareeventwithsevereconsequence,irrationaldeterminationofpremiumrateandlackofunderstandingscaleofpotentiallossledtomanyinsurancecompaniesinsolventafterNorthridgeearthquakein1994.Alongwithrecentadvancesinearthscience,computerscienceandengineering,computerizedlossestimationmethodologiesbasedonfirstprincipleshavebeendevelopedtothepointthatlossesfromdestructiveearthquakescanbequantifiedwithreasonableaccuracyusingscientificmodelingtechniques.ThispaperintendstointroducehowengineeringmodelscanassisttoquantifyearthquakeriskandhowinsuranceindustrycanusethisinformationtomanagetheirriskintheUnitedStatesandabroad.