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简介：Skiniscomposedofbothadermallayer-consistingprimarilyoffibroblasts,andmatrixmacromolecules(ECM)-andanepidermallayer-composingofepidermalcellscontainingkeratinfilamentsundergoingprogressivedifferentiationfromabasalproliferatinglayertoasurfaceconsistingofterminallydifferentiated,epidermalcellsthatprotecttheskinfromtheenvironment.

简介：TheGCanalysisoffattyacidoffourspeciesofmarinemicroalgaeculturedatdifferenttemperatureshowsthatthetemperaturehasdistincteffectsonthecompositionandunsaturateddegreeoffattyacidofmicroalgae.ThepercentagesofTPUFAinTFAandthenumberofmeandouble-bondoffattyacidsotIsochrysisgalbana,DunaliellasalinaandPhaeodactylumtricornutumdecreasewiththeascendingtemperature,whilethoseofTMUFAandTSFAincreaseundertheconditionsofthepresentexperiment.ThecontentofTPUFAandthenumberofmeandouble-bondsofChlorellasp.firstdecreaseandthenincrease,withtheminimumoccurringat20℃.

简介：Theeffectofvariousnitrogensourcesonthegrowthanddocosahexaenoicacid(DHA)yieldisdeterminedinCrypthecodiniumcohniiATCC30556.Singlenitrogentryptoneandpeptonearesuitabletogrowth,thedryweightbiomassisupto2.78g/Land2.70g/Lrespectivelyonmediumcontaining0.34g/Lnitrogen.PeptoneisafavorablenitrogensourceforDHAaccumulation,DHAyieldincreasesupto338.56mg/L.UsingpeptoneandKNO3asamultiplenitrogensource,thehighestbiomassandDHAyieldareobtainedfrommediacontaining0.34g/Lnitrogeninwhichtheratioofpeptone-N:NO3--Nis1:2,andthebiomassandDHAyieldare2.98g/L(DW)and527.97mg/Lrespectively.

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简介：ＲＡＤＩＣＡＬ　ＰＯＬＹＭＥＲＩＺＡＴＩＯＮ　ＯＦ　ＶＩＮＹＬ　ＭＯＮＯＭＥＲ　ＩＮＩＴＩＡＴＥＤ　ＢＹ　ＣＥＲＩＣ　ＩＯＮ／ＴＡＲＴＡＲＩＣ　ＡＣＩＤＲＡＤＩＣＡＬＰＯＬＹＭＥＲＩＺＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＶＩＮＹＬＭＯＮＯＭＥＲＩＮＩＴＩＡＴＥＤＢＹＣＥＲ...

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简介：Thestudyonretentionbehaviorinsupercriticalfluidchromatography(SFC)isnecessarytounderstandthemechanismofthevariousinteractionsinSFC.TheretentionofSFCincarboxylicacidmethylester/polymethylsiloxane/CO2systemwasstudiedsystematicallyandtheretentionbehaviorofthiskindofcompoundsundervarioustypicaloperationconditionswasdescribedusingthemethodofanalternativeunifiedtheoryofchromatographicretention.Theresultsillustratedthatexpression:Ink.=a+b/T+cp+dp/T+ep2/Tcanbeusedtodescribequantitativelytheretentionbehaviorofcarboxylicacidmethylester/polymethylsiloxane/CO2systemintherangesofreduceddensityfrom0.549to1.411.Itwasalsofoundthattheentropyofsoluteinstationaryphaseisdependentonthedensityofsupercriticalfluid(SF)undertypicaloperatingconditionsofSFC.

简介：Atwo-stepprocesswasusedtosynthesizethehighmolecularweightpoly(lacticacid)usingthionylchlorideasanactivatorforthepolycondensationofprepolymeroflacticacid.TheproductswerecharacterizedbyGPC,DSCand1H-NMR.Poly(L-lacticacid)(PLLA)withmolecularweightMw:32875wasobtainedwhenthionylchloridewasused.whilelowmolecularweightPLLAMW:7350wasyieldedwithoutthionylchloride.Effectsoftheconcentrationofthionylchloride,polymerizationtimeandbasesonthemolecularweightofpoly(lacticacid)wereinvestigated.InDSCscanstheglasstransitiontemperatures(Tg)oftheresultingpolymersvariedfrom25.3to57.6℃.andtheTgofpoly(L-lacticacid)washigherthanthatofpoly(D,L0lacticacid)(PDLLA).Themeltingpointsofpoly(L-lacticacid)andpoly(D,L-lacticacid)couldnotbefoundunlessthepolymerswereobtainedbythionylchlorideactivator.

简介：烟草种子油的丰满的酸作文表明油富于不饱和的丰满的酸，有罂酸的酸(71.63%)，油的酸(13.46%)和十六酸酸(8.72%)作为最丰富的不饱和、浸透的丰满的酸分别地。烟草油因此根据丰满的酸作文作为弄干半的类型被描绘。醇酸树脂树脂的合成被醇解执行或用碱的monoglyceride过程精制了烟草种子油，pentaerythritol，与锂氢氧化物一起的cis-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalic酐是催化剂。那么准备的醇酸树脂树脂被发现是明亮并且有高注释的低颜色。弄干和坚硬性质和烟草种子油的粘附发源醇酸树脂树脂也一样的油长度的另外的醇酸树脂树脂被发现有点优异到那些。另外，水和说的醇酸树脂的酸抵抗也被发现可比较到另外的醇酸树脂。

简介：ItisestimatedthatChinawillemit28milliontonsofSO,in2020.16milliontonsmorethantheamountthatthecountry'senvironmentcanaccommodate.

简介：Bariumsulfateaggregateswithanaveragesizeof0.5μmweresynthesizedatpH7,directedbyethylenediaminetetraaceticacid（EDTA）anions.Theparticlemorphology,chemicalcomposition,andsizedistributionoftheBaSO4aggregateswerecharacterized.Theas-synthesizedBaSO4particlesweresphericalandcomprisedmanyinterconnectednanoballs,ofwhichthesurfacepropertieswereaffectedbytheEDTAanions.TheadsorptionofEDTAanionsreversedthechargeandweakenedthesurfacepolarityofBaSO4,instigatingtheformationofaggregatesbyaself-assemblyandtransformationprocess.TheresultingBaSO4particlesatpH9-10wereellipsoidalandfeaturedsmoothsurfaces.BasedonthezetapotentialofBaSO4,variationsinthemorphologyinducedbychangesinpHwerecloselyrelatedtotheadsorptionofmono-andmulti-valentanionsontotheelectricaldoublelayerofBaSO4.

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简介：Theflotabilityandmechanismofthecompositetantalite-niobitemineralswhichhavedifferentcontentoftheTa,Nb.Fe,Mnwithstyrenephosphonicacid（SPA）ascollectorareinvestigatedanddiscussed.Someimportantflotationparametersarefoundasfollows:SPAisabettercollectorforflotatingniobite-tantalitemineralthanother,theoptimumpHvalueinpulpislessthan5,theflotabilityofthosemineralsvarieswiththedifferentcontentofmineralcomposition,theflotabitityofthemineralswithhigherNb2O5contentisbetterthanthatwithhigherTa205content.HereweemphasizethatinwiderangeofpHinsolu-tiontheFe,Mnonthemineralsurfacesarethemainactivespeciesforflotationoftheseminerals.Inadditiontothis,someofre-searchworkbyusingAugerelectronspectroscopy,infraredspectroscopyandultravioletspectroscopyfordeterminingthesurfaceconditions,pretreatedbyacidornot,hasbeendone.ThecharacteristicsofadsorptionofSPAonthemineralsurfacesareexam-inedanddiscussed.ItisindicatedthattheSPAinteractswithFe,Mnionsonmineralsurfacesbythechemicalbondforce.Butonthewholeouterlayerofcollector,whichisnon-uniformmultilayer,itmaybesaidthattheadsorptionofSPAonthemineralsur-faceisbothchemico-adsorptionandphysico-adsorption,butthechemico-adsorptionispredominant.

简介：ThepresentstudyinvestigatedtheinfluenceofhightemperatureoxidationandreductionpretreatmentsontheleachingrateofPanzhihuailmenite.Theas-pretreatedilmenitewasleachedwith20%HClat105℃.Theleachingprocesswascontrolledbythephasesandmicrostructuresthatevolvedduringthepretreatmentprocesses.Theleachingkineticsofpurehematite,ilmeniteandpseudobrookitewerecharacterizedtoclarifythephaseeffectontheiron-leachingrate;therateofironleachingoccursinthefollowingorderintheHClsolution:hematite（ferriciron）>ilmenite（ferrousiron）>>pseudobrookite（ferriciron）.Therefore,theoften-citednotionthatferrousirondissolvesfasterinHClsolutionsthanferricironwhenexplainingthepretreatmenteffectsisinaccurate.Moreover,theoxidationpretreatment（at600-1000℃for4h）cannotdestroythedensestructureofthePanzhihuailmenite.Therefore,theinfluenceexertedbytheoxidationontheleachingprocessisprimarilydeterminedbythephasechange;oxidationat600and700℃slightlyincreasedtherateofironleachingbecausetheilmenitewastransformedintohematite,whiletheoxidationat900-1000℃significantlyreducedtherateofironleachingbecauseapseudobrookitephaseformed.Thereductioneffectwassubsequentlyinvestigated;theas-oxidizedilmenitewasreducedunderH2at750℃for30min.Thereductionsignificantlyacceleratedtherateofsubsequentironleachingsuchthatnearlyalloftheironhaddissolvedafterleachingfor2hin20%HClat105℃.Thisenhancediron-leachingrateismainlyattributedtothecracksandholesthatformedduringthereductionprocess.

简介：BACKGROUND:Kainicacidcanbeusedtoinduceamodelofepilepsybysystemicinjection,suchasintraperitonealorsubcutaneousinjection.Individualratshavedifferentresponsestokainicacid,thereforehighdosesofdrugarerequiredandthesuccessrateofmodelinductionislow.Itisnecessarytodevelopanimprovedmethodtoestablishatemporallobeepilepsy(TLE)animalmodel.OBJECTIVE:Toexploreaneconomic,stableandefficientmethodofestablishingaTLEanimalmodel.DESIGN,TIMEANDSETTING:Acompletelyrandomized,controlledstudy.TheexperimentswereperformedintheCellularFunctionLaboratoryofthePhysiologyDepartment,AnhuiMedicalUniversityfromMarchtoJuly2007.MATERIALS:TwentyadultmaleWistarrats,weighing230–260g,wereprovidedbytheExperimentalAnimalCentreofNanjingMedicalUniversity.KainicacidwaspurchasedfromSigmainUSA.TypeSN-2stereotaxicapparatuswasmadebyNarishgeinJapan.METHODS:Wistarratswererandomlydividedintoakainicacid(KA)group(n=12)andanormalsaline(NS)group(n=8).Forintrahippocampalmicroinjection,aburrholewasdrilledintheskullatthefollowingstereotaxiccoordinates:anteroposterior(AP)4.1mmcaudaltobregma;lateral(ML)4.2mmrightlateraltothemidline.RatsintheKAgroupwereinjectedwith2.5μLKA(0.4g/L)intothecenteroftheCA3region,whileintheNSgroupthesamevolumeofNSwasinjectedintothesamesite.MAINOUTCOMEMEASURES:Bothgroupsweremonitoredunderavideocapturesystemfor12weekstorecordspontaneousseizures.Intracranialeletroencepholograph(IEEG)recordingsinvivowereperformedafterthebehavioralobservations.AftertheIEEGrecordings,hippocampiwereprocessedintocoronalsections.NisslandTimmstainingswerethenperformedtoobserveandconfirmpathology.RESULTS:Twentyratswereinvolvedinthefinalanalysis.Behavioralobservations:theearliestspontaneousonsetofepilepsyappeared2weeksafterinjectionofKA.Eightratshadspontaneouson

简介：Sincethefailureoftraditionaltherapy,genetherapyusingfunctionalDNAsequenceandsmallRNA/DNAmolecules(oligonucleotide)hasbecomeapromisingavenueforcancertreatment.ThediscoveryofRNAmoleculeshasimpelledresearcherstoinvestigatesmallregulatoryRNAfromvariousnaturalandartificialsourcesanddetermineacogenttargetforcontrollingtumorprogression.SmallregulatoryRNAsareusedfortherapeuticsilencingofoncogenesandaberrantDNArepairresponsegenes.Despitetheiradvantages,therapiesbasedonsmallRNAsexhibitlimitationsintermsofstabilityoftherapeuticdrugs,precisionbaseddeliveryintissues,precision-basedintercellularandintracellulartargeting,andtumorheterogeneity-basedresponses.Inthisstudy,wesummarizethepotentialanddrawbacksofsmallRNAsinnucleicacidtherapeuticsforcancer.

简介：AbstractAn increasing body of evidence supports the hypothesis that atherosclerosis is caused by multiple factors and mechanisms. A better understanding of the contribution of hypertriglyceridemia or oleic acid to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis would significantly increase our ability to successfully treat these diseases. We propose that oleic acid promotes atherosclerosis via multiple pathophysiological mechanisms. Here we suggest that (1) atherosclerosis may develop through multiple pathophysiological mechanisms and that this may be a common feature of human diseases; (2) diseases may be the consequence of natural selection or the interaction of internal and external factors; (3) diseases should be recognized with "biological diversity," and that this concept should be introduced into medical education, clinical treatment, drug research and development, and medical research. The work reported here will benefit a new generation of medical trainees and promote the development of the relevant medical fields.

简介：Thepurposeofthisresearchistoinvestigatethepotentialofpre-treatmentwithphosphoricacid(PA)andmonobasiccalciumphosphate(MCP)forthestabilizationofheavymetalsinsludgeanditsbottomash.ThetannerysludgesampleswerecollectedinWenzhou,Chinaandheavilycontaminatedwithheavymetals,suchasPb,Crandsoon.Thesampleswerepre-treatedwithPAorMCP.ThenXRDandTCLPtestswereadoptedastheevaluatingmethodstocharacterizethePb,Cr,Cu,ZnandCdimmobilizationinthepre-treatedsludgeanditsbottomash.TheresultsshowedthatthistreatmenteffectivelyimmobilizedPbandCdinthesludge,lightlystabilizedthemetalCu,andadversely,enhancedtheleachabilityofZn.Afterincinerationat900℃,PbandCrinthebottomashofpre-treatedsludgeweresignificantlystabilizedduetotheformationoftheirhighlythermostablephosphatesandpyromorphite-likemineralsduringtheincinerationprocess.However,anincreaseofCuandZnsolubilitywasobservedwhichmightbeattributabletotheacidificationofsludgeduetotheadditionofPAorMCP.

简介：Anumberofion-exchangeresinsweretestedontheircapacitytoadsorbcitricacid,amongthemresin335,d315,AmberliteIRA-35andIRA-68exhibitedhigheradsorptioncapacity.Wechoseresin335andD315tobeusedforextractionofcitricacidfromfermentationbroth,followedbyelutionwith10%ammonialiquor,decolorationwithK-15carbonandremovalofammoniawithresin732,convertingcitrateoffreecitricacidwithaconcentrationof10%andanamountofreadilycarbonizablesubstancemeetingtheGB8269-87standard.