简介：水坝裂缝流动的存在数字调查很少考虑植被的效果。这份报纸在活动、生长的床上为水坝裂缝流动论述一个平均深度的二维的模型。在模型，两个都，为由植被的存在存储质量和动量并且拖流动减少空间的后果被考虑：前者被把一个因素(1c)(1c)介绍给流动深度考虑，在c是植被密度的地方；以后被在动量方程包括一个另外的水池术语考虑。新管理方程是由有限体积方法的discretized；并且中央迎风的计划为水深度与静水力学的重建方法嵌入的存在秒顺序，被用来估计流动；来源术语被完成稳定性要求的明确或半明确的方法估计。与/没有植被效果/沉积运输的水坝裂缝流动或伪稳定的流动的实验室实验被模仿。在大小和数字模拟之间的好协议在复制流动深度，速度和床变丑深度表明模型的令人满意的表演。在一张活动、生长的床上的水坝裂缝流动的六种情形的数字案例研究被进行。植被分发的植被地区，植被密度，和模式的区域什么时候被改变，被看那，结果的床词法变化极大地不同，在水坝裂缝流动进化上建议植被的大影响。明确地，植被可以转移主要流动的方向，妨碍流动并且因此导致植被在上游的增加的免职。

简介：Anumericalwavemodelbasedonthemodifiedfour-ordernonlinearSchrdinger(NLS)equationindeepwaterisdevelopedtosimulatefreakwaves.Astandardsplit-step,pseudo-spectralmethodisusedtosolveNLSequation.Thevalidationofthemodelisfirstlyverified,andthenthesimulationoffreakwavesisperformedbychangingsidebandconditions.Resultsshowthatfreakwavesentirelyconsistentwiththedefinitionintheevolutionofwavetrainsareobtained.Thepossibleoccurrencemechanismoffreakwavesisdiscussedandtherelevantcharacteristicsarealsoanalyzed.

简介：Thetrack,landfall,dynamicandthermodynamicandcloud-rainphysicalmesoscalestructuresandtheirevolutionoftyphoonHERB1996in36hfrom0000UTC31Julyto1200UTC1August1996weresimulatedbyusingthenon-hydrostaticmesoscalemodelMM5.ThisperiodcoveredtheprocessoftyphoonHERBlandfallatTaiwanandFujianProvinces.ResultsshowthatthemodelsuccessfullysimulatedthelandfallprocessoftyphoonHERB,revealedthemostimportantcharacteristicsofthemesoscaledynamicandthermodynamicandcloud-rainphysicalstructureduringitslandfall.Thesimulatedtyphoontrackwasclosetotheobservation.Thecenterofcycloniccirculationsimulatedat0000UTCon1August1996(24hintegration)waslocatedinshorenearFuqing,FujianProvinceatwhichthetyphoonwasreportedtolandfalltwohourslater.Itshowsthatstrongupwardmotionformedbylowlevelconvergenceexistedintheeye-wallandsubsidenceattheeye.Thewindfieldshowsclearasymmetricalstructurenearthetyphooncenter.Thecloudandrainbandwasscrew-typeddistributedaroundtyphooncenter,andconsistedofmeso-βscaleraincores.DuringtheperiodoftyphoonHERBstayingnearandpassingoverTaiwan,thelowercloudwasdevelopedintheeyeregionsothatthepreviouscleartyphooneyeonthesatellitepicturesbecamefuzzy.Observationshowsthatthetyphooncenterwas"warm",butthemodelsimulationswithhigherspaceresolutionshowthatinthemid-tropospheretheregionofeye-wallwithstrongerupwardmotionandmorecloud-andrain-waterwaswarmerthantheeye.DuringtheperiodoftyphoonpassingoverTaiwananditsfollowinglandfallatFujian,thetrackofmodeltyphoondeviatedabout30kmnorthward(i.e.,rightward)becauseoftheorographiceffectsofTaiwanIsland,butthestrengthofthetyphoonwasnotaffectedremarkably.TheamountofrainfallonTaiwaninthe36hsimulationswasenhancedmorethansixtimesbytheorographicliftingofTaiwanMountain.

简介：为模仿的一个提高的数字模型二维不可压缩粘滞有弄歪的免费表面的流动被报导。数字模拟彻底地被执行CIP(抑制插值侧面)基于方法，它在纸被描述。捕获计划的一个更精确的接口，VOF/WLIC计划(VOF：Volume-of-Fluid；WLIC：称的线接口计算)，作为捕获方法的接口被采用。估计发达算法和它的通用性，测试问题的一种选择被检验，即方形的波浪繁殖，Zalesaks僵硬身体旋转，有或没有障碍的水坝碎问题，在在极端波浪和漂浮的身体之间的一辆激动的波浪坦克和相互作用的波浪sloshing。当数字结果与相比时，优秀协议被获得可得到分析，试验性，并且另外的数字结果。这些例子证明在捕获的免费表面的VOF/WLIC计划的使用做更好的结果并且另外建议基于CIP的模型能够预言怪胎波浪相关的现象。

简介：Inthispaper,thesummerclimateof1991istakenasacasetostudytheinfluenceofthetransitionzonemigrationonsummerdroughtinNorthChinabyusingtheregionalclimatemodel(RegCM2).Theresultsshowthatthetransitionzonemigratesinland,thesummermonsoonrainbandof1991alsomovesinland.TheintensiverainbandintheChangjiangRiverValleyduringtheMeiyuperiodmovesnorth.TheprecipitationinNorthChinaincreasesandthesurfaceairtemperaturedecreases.Asaconsequence,itresultsinagoodcirclebetweenecosystemandclimate.Thetransitionzonemigrationchangesfluxtransfersbetweenlandandatmosphere,andexcitessecondarycirculationorcirculationcellsaroundit.Allthosearecloselyrelatedwiththevariationofprecipitation.

简介：Adetailed3-DhailcloudnumericalmodelandparameterizationofmierophysiealprocessesweredescribedinPartⅠ(Hong1999)ofthisstudy.Inthispart,ahailcloudoccurringinXunyiarea.ShaanxiProvinceonJuly8,1997issimulatedbythemodeltoanalyzemechanismsofhailformationandhailsuppressionwithseeding.Theresultsshowthat97%ofhailembryosarefrozendrops.TheseedingexperimentswithAgIintermsofheightsshowthatiftheseedingismadebeforehailformation,theoptimumseedingpositionislocatedinthemaximumupdraftareaanditscenter,i.e.,AgIisseededinthezonewithhighwatercontenttobecoordinatedwithmaximumzoneoftheupdraft.Theseedingmakesconcentrationsofgraupelandfrozendropincreaseandtheiraveragemassorsizedecrease,sothattheproportionofconversionfromgraupelandfrozendropintohaildescendsgreatly,andthemassandconcentrationofhailstonearedecreasedtoachieveourpurposeforhailsuppression.

简介：Adetaileddiscussionofexistingthreekindsofmathematicalmodelsofheavymetalpollutanttransport-transformationinfluvialriversispresented,withanemphasisonthemathematicalmodelofheavymetalpollutanttransport-transformationdynamics.Theimperfectionoftwokindsofmathematicalmodels,thatis,mathematicalmodelofchemicalthermodynamicequilibriumandthatofchemicalreactionkinetics,andtheshortcomingofexistingmathematicalmodelsofheavymetalpollutanttransport-transformationdynamicsarepointedout.Furthermore,thestructureofmathematicalmodelofheavymetalpollutanttransport-transformationdynamicsinfluvialriversissuggested.Equationsinthemathematicalmodelofheavymetalpollutanttransport-transformationdynamicsinfluvialriverswillbediscussedinthefollowingpaper.

简介：

简介：nonsplitting完美地匹配吸收边界状况(ABC)的层(NPML)被王和唐(2003)首先在固体为有弹性的波浪繁殖的有限差别的模拟提供。在这篇论文，方法被开发扩大NPML到在poroelastic媒介模仿有弹性的波浪繁殖。Biot鈥檚方程是discretized并且接近到一由在空间和秒顺序使用第四顺序的精确中央差别蹒跚格子精确中央差别及时。一个圆柱的二层的地震模型和一个地上凿穿模型被选择验证NPML的有效性。结果证明数字答案与分离wavenumber(DW)的答案同意很好方法。关键词有限差别-数字模拟-吸收边界状况-并且完美地匹配的层这研究被中国(号码403740043)的自然科学基础支持。首先写作宋弱龙，在吉林大学的物理的学院收到了他的二进制同步通信(2003)，学习了因为他在声学的系的理科硕士，和现在在吉林大学(2005)为他的博士学习。他在复杂媒介研究声学的波浪的有弹性的波浪繁殖的有限差别的模拟。

简介：AnestednumericalstormsurgeforecastmodelfortheEastChinaSeaisdeveloped.Aone-wayrelaxingnestmethodisusedtoexchangetheinformationbetweencoarsegridandfinegrid.Intheinnerboundaryofthefinegridmodelatransitionareaissetuptorelaxtheforecastvariables.Thisensuresthattheforecastvariablesofthecoarsemodelmaytransittothoseoffinegridgradually,whichenhancesthemodelstability.Byusingthismodel,anumberofhindcastsandforecastareperformedforsixseverestormsurgescausedbytropicalcyclonesintheEastChinaSea.Theresultsshowgoodagreementwiththeobservations.

简介：作为一艘轮船的可操作性，近遨游到一个银行被sidewall影响，对调遣稳定性的轮船的评价是重要的。平面运动机制(PMM)测量的水动力学衍生物测试提供一个方法预言轮船可操作性的变化。这份报纸由使用不稳定的RANS方程与变体距离介绍PMM模型测试的数字模拟给一个垂直银行。一种混合动态网孔技术被开发认识到网孔配置并且当轮船接近银行时，动态PMM测试重新协调。建议方法被把数字结果与一条传播的水隧道的PMM测试的结果作比较验证。轮船的一阶的水动力学衍生物从侧面的力量的时间历史被分析并且偏航时刻根据多重跑的模仿过程和有ship-sidewall距离的水动力学衍生物的变化被给。直线稳定性和方向性的稳定性也被讨论并且稳定或不稳定的地区比例衍生物(PD)为方向性的稳定性的控制器参数被显示出，它能是为当航行在一条河岸附近时，保留操作的路线的引用。

简介：宇如聪，金向泽，张学洪Ｄｅｓｉｇｎ　ａｎｄ　Ｎｕｍｅｒｉｃａｌ　Ｓｉｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎ　ｏｆ　ａｎ　Ａｒｃｔｉｃ　Ｏｃｅａｎ　Ｃｉｒｃｕｌａｔｉｏｎ　ａｎｄ　Ｔｈｅｒｍｏｄｙｎａｍｉｃ　Ｓｅａ－Ｉｃｅ　ＭｏｄｅｌＤｅｓｉｇｎａｎｄＮｕｍｅｒｉｃａｌＳｉ...

简介：天气研究和预报模型版本(WRFv3.2)3.2与假数据吸收(BDA)被使用计划和海水花parameterization(SSP)，并且实验被进行估计BDA的影响，台风ducting过程的预言上的SSP由台风Mindule(2004)导致了。全球放系统(GPS)下投式探空仪观察被用于比较。结果证明台风管是可能的在台风中心附近在每个方向形成，与被提高的管的主要类型管。与在模型初始化包括的BDA计划，模型在预言台风管的存在，分发，和力量有更好的表演。这改进在台风上被归因于BDA计划的积极效果周围的边界层结构。海水花主要由从台风中心在270km以外在由空至海的接口改变潜伏的热(LH)流动影响台风管。当在这管下面的边界层被海水花凉下来并且弄湿时，台风管的力量被提高；否则，台风管被削弱。导致的海水花在由空至海的理智的热变化(嘘)流动和LH流动在台风中心附近在最大的风速度区域被集中，并且变化显著地随光线的范围的增加被削弱。

简介：Inthispaper,ahorizontal2-Dnumericalmodelhasbeendevelopedtosimulateflowprocessesindikeburst.Thefinitedifferencemethodisusedincomputation.Themodelemploys2-Dflowequationsandcansimulatecomplexflowswhensupercriticalflowandsub-criticalflowexistsimultaneouslysuchashydraulicjumps.Severalsimulatedresultsareworkedouttodemonstratetheapplicabilityofthenumericalmodel,suchasfloodpropagationonadrybedofacomplexterrain.

简介：Byusingathree-levelatmosphericgeneralcirculationmodel(AGCM),wehavecompletedseveralnumericalexperimentstostudytheimpactsofseasurfacetemperatureanomaly(SSTA)andantarcticicecoveranomaly(AICA)during1981—1983onclimatevariability.TheresultsshowthatduringtheElNinoperiodof1982—1983theimpactofSSTAoverridesthatofAICA.SSTAmainlyaffectsequatorialzonalcirculationandproducesPNAwavetrain,andSE-NWwavetraininEastAsiatoinfluencetheweatherofChina.AICAproduceswest-eastanomalousvortexstreetsinthemiddlelatitudesofbothhemispheresandaffectstheintensityofthepolarvortexofSouthernHemisphere.

简介：Threekindsofmethods,i.e.,explicit,semi-implicit,andsemi-implicitandsemi-Lagrangianmethod,aretestedinthetime-integrationofshallow-waterequationsonrotatingsphere.Helpfulresultsareavailablefromexperiments,especiallyabouttheaccuracyandefficiencyofdifferentsemi-implicitandsemi-Lagrangianschemes.

简介：Theauthorsmakeanendeavortoexplainwhyanewhybridwavemodelishereproposedwhenseveralsuchmodelshavealreadybeeninoperationandtheso-calledthirdgenerationwavemodejisprovingattractive.Thispartofthepaperisdevotedtothewindwavemodel.Bothdeepandshallowwatermodelshavebeendeveloped,theformerbeingactuallyaspecialcaseofthelatterwhenwaterdepthisgreat.Thedeepwatermodelisexceptionallysimpleinform.Significantwaveheightistheonlyprognosticvariable.Incomparisonwiththeusualmethodstocomputetheenergyinputanddissipationsempiricallyorby"tuning",theproposedmodelhasthemeritthattheeffectsofallsourcetermsarecombinedintoonetermwhichiscomputedthroughempiricalgrowthrelationsforsignificantwaves,theserelationsbeing,relativelyspeaking,easierandmorereliabletoobtainthanthoseforthesourcetermsinthespectralenergybalanceequation.Thediscretepartofthemodelandtheimplementationofthemode

简介：海表面温度异例(SSTA)对全球天气和气候的产生施加大影响。许多进步与印度洋相对照在太平洋区域关于SSTA被取得了。IAP9L模型，在科学的中国学院的大气的物理的研究所被开发，被用来在亚洲的季风区域在一般发行量和天气/气候异例上模仿印度洋SSTA的影响。这被发现温暖(凉爽)在印度洋的赤道的低纬度的SSTA在类似于PNA或EAP的北半球的中间、更高的纬度触发冬季(夏天)teleconnection模式。他们在亚洲夏天季风区域的中间、更低的纬度在循环或天气和气候的异例起一个很重要的作用。与温暖(凉爽)在印度洋强迫的SSTA，亚洲夏天季风建立在一迟了(早)日期并且撤退在一早(迟了)日期，持续一短(长)持续时间在一弱(强壮)紧张。印度洋SSTA被显示是为在中国的降水变化的指示物。

简介：RegionalclimatechangeinChinaundertheIPCCA2Scenario,wassimulatedforcontinuous10-yrperiodbytheMM5V3,usingtheoutputofanIPCCA2runfromCISROMark3climatesystemmodelaslateralandsurfaceboundaryconditions.Theregionalclimatechangeofsurfaceairtemperature,precipitation,andcirculationwereanalyzed.Theresultsshowedthat(1)thedistributionofmeancirculation,surfaceairtemperature,andprecipitationwasreproducedbytheMM5V3.TheregionalclimatemodelwascapabletoimprovetheregionalclimatesimulationdrivenbyGCM.(2)TheclimatechangesimulationundertheIPCCA2ScenarioindicatedthatthesurfaceairtemperatureinChinawouldincreaseinthefuture,withastrongertrendinwinterandtheincreasingmagnitudefromthesouthtothenorth.Theprecipitationdistributionwouldappearadistinctchangeaswell.AnnualmeanprecipitationwouldremarkablyincreaseinNortheastChina,YangtzeandHuaiheRiverValley,andthesouthareaofthevalley.Meanwhile,rainfallwouldshowadecreasingtrendinpartialareasofNorthChina,andmanyregionsofSouthwestandNorthwestChina.

简介：Investigatingthewavefieldnearstructuresincoastalandoffshoreengineeringisofincreasingsignificance.Inthepresentstudy,simulationisdoneofthewaveprofileandflowfieldforwavespropagatingoversubmergedbars,usingPLIC-VOF(PiecewiseLinearInterfaceConstruction)totracethefreesurfaceofwaveandfinitedifferencemethodtosolvevertical2DNavier-Stokes(N-S)equations.AcomparisonofthenumericalresultsfortwokindsofsubmergedbarswiththeexperimentalonesshowsthatthePLIC-VOFmodelusedinthisstudyiseffectiveandcancomputethewavefieldprecisely.