简介:AIM:Tostudythedistributionofocularhigher-orderaberrations(HOAs)andmesopicpupilsizeinindividualsscreenedforrefractivesurgery.·METHODS:OcularHOAsandmesopicpupilsizewerestudiedin2458eyesof1240patientswithmyopia,myopicastigmatismandcompoundmyopicastigmatismand215eyesof110patientswithhyperopia,hyperopicastigmatismandcompoundhyperopicastigmatismusingtheZywaveaberrometer(Busch&Lomb).Allpatientshadcorrectablerefractiveerrorswithoutahistoryofrefractivesurgeryorunderlyingdiseases.Root-mean-squarevaluesofHOAs,totalsphericalaberration,totalcomaandmesopicpupilsizewereanalyzed.OcularHOAsweremeasuredacrossa≥6.0mmpupil,andpupilsizemeasurementswereperformedunderthemesopiccondition.·RESULTS:ThemeanvaluesofHOAs,totalsphericalaberrationandtotalcomainthemyopicgroupwere0.369μm,±0.233,0.133±0.112μmand0.330±0.188μm,respectively.InthehyperopicgroupthemeanvaluesofHOAs,totalsphericalaberrationandtotalcomawere0.418μm±0.214,0.202±0.209μmand0.343±0.201μm,respectively.HyperopesshowedgreatertotalHOAs(P<0.01)andtotalsphericalaberration(P<0.01)comparedtomyopes.Inage-matchedanalysis,onlytheamountoftotalsphericalaberrationwashigherinthehyperopicgroup(P=0.05).Mesopicpupilsizeinthemyopicgroupwaslarger(P≤0.05).·CONCLUSION:TheresultssuggestedthatsignificantlevelsofHOAswerefoundinbothgroupswhichareimportantforplanningrefractivesurgeriesonIranians.Thereweresignificantlyhigherlevelsoftotalsphericalaberrationinhyperopescomparedtomyopes.Mesopicpupilsizewaslargerinmyopicgroup.
简介:近期,中日针对钓鱼岛等岛屿问题的摩擦不断并有进一步升级的趋势,因为双方均主张对其拥有主权。为收复中国对钓鱼岛等岛屿的管辖权和控制权,批驳“日本关于钓鱼岛等岛屿领有权的基本见解”的锚误性是一个很重要的方面。钓鱼岛等岛屿不是无主地,不能利用先占原则;日本政府通过内阁决议将其编入日本领土是无效的;钓鱼岛等岛屿不是琉球西南诸岛的一部分,而是台湾的附属岛屿;根据国际法,钓鱼岛等岛屿属于日本战败后应放弃并归还中国的领土;再从历史和地理等方面看,钓鱼岛等岛屿是我国的固有领土,中国对其拥有原始的权利。因此,中国对钓鱼岛等岛屿拥有无可争辩的主权,中国必须收回对其的管辖权,并加以自由地利用和管理。这完全符合第二次世界大战后的国际秩序及国际体系,也是对世界反法西斯战争成果的捍卫。