简介：AbstractBackground:The prevalence rates of freezing of gait (FOG) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) vary widely, ranging from 14.0 to 55.1%. Our aim is to calculate the overall prevalence of FOG in all PD patients with different disease durations and severities.Methods:Using Medline/PubMed/Embase, we carried out a systematic literature search for studies reporting the PD and clinically relevant FOG.Results:After primary screening, a total of 35 studies were identified and further analyzed for inclusion into the analysis, and 29 studies fulfilled the quality criteria and included in this meta-analysis. The overall prevalence of FOG in PD was 39.9% (95% CI 35.3-44.5%). The FOG identified by the freezing of gait questionnaire item 3 may be more prevalent (43.8%, 95% CI 38.5-49.1%) than the FOG identified by the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale item 14 (36.0%, 95% CI 29.0-43.1%). Disease duration and severity are both the clinical features associated with the FOG. The highest FOG prevalence rate in PD patients was seen in patients with disease durations ≥ 10 years, at 70.8%, followed that of PD patients with disease durations ≥ 5 years (53.3%), and PD patients with disease durations < 5 years (22.4%). FOG presented in 28.4% of PD patients with Hoehn and Yahr staging (H&Y) score ≤ 2.5, and in 68.4% of PD patients with H&Y score ≥ 2.5.Conclusion:This meta-analysis confirms that the prevalence of FOG in PD is considerable, and highlights the need for accurate identification of FOG in PD.

简介：摘要：医疗改革不断深化，公立医院改革也在持续深入推进，作为医疗卫生行业的重要组成部分，医院管理工作的水平直接关系到人民群众的健康。特别是在“以患者为中心”的核心理念指导下，护理管理工作越来越受到重视。而在此背景下，如何对医院护理管理工作进行改革和创新，是当前医院管理者和护理工作者都应该思考和解决的问题。本文从9S管理的内涵及作用、9S管理在护理管理中的应用优势等方面进行了阐述，希望对今后在医院护理管理工作中开展9S管理有一定的借鉴意义。

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简介：AbstractSevere acute pancreatitis is commonly associated with pancreatic and extrapancreatic necrosis (EPN). Progressive EPN leading to necrotizing fasciitis of the retroperitoneum and abdominal wall has been reported. However, extension of retroperitoneal necrosis to the scrotum causing Fournier’s gangrene is uncommon. We present a case of 39-year-old male admitted with severe acute pancreatitis requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation. He was managed with percutaneous drainage and culture specific antibiotics during the 1st month of hospital stay. During the 3rd month of hospital stay, the patient started developing pain and ulceration over the scrotum. He was diagnosed with Fournier’s gangrene based on clinical examination and was planned for debridement. During surgery, the track extending up to the deep inguinal ring was widened and drain was placed into the right lateral pelvic wall through the deep ring via a separate stab incision to reduce further scrotal wound contamination. The case highlights a rare but potentially fatal complication of Fournier’s gangrene following severe acute necrotizing pancreatitis and the importance of measures to prevent further contamination of scrotum after surgical debridement. Concomitant management of two potentially fatal conditions poses numerous challenges.

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简介：摘要：随着人民生活水平的提高和医疗方式的发展，护理在临床上的地位日益突出，医院的医疗水平并不是简单地追求医疗技术的提高，同时还要确保护理的质量。因此，在不断发展的过程中，必须要不断地改进护理工作，这就要求建立"6S"护理管理模式。现报道如下：

简介：摘要目的探讨在产房安全管理中应用7S管理方法的临床效果。方法纳入2017年11月至2018年4月我院未实行7S管理方法产妇32例作为对照组，2017年5月-2018年11月我院实行7S管理方法产妇32例作为观察组，对比两组产妇住院时间、分娩时间、住院费用和护理满意度。结果观察组产妇住院时间、住院费用和分娩时间明显少于对照组，护理满意度明显高于对照组，结果具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论采取7S管理方法能够规范产房安全管理工作，提高工作效率，缩短住院时间，减轻住院费用，提升护理满意度，临床具有广泛使用意义。

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简介：摘要目的探讨输尿管镜下使用钬激光采取“S”切口处理输尿管狭窄的临床疗效。方法输尿管镜下使用钬激光对输尿管狭窄部行“S”型全层切开，术后留置F5～6#双J管。结果35例术后3～6个月拔出双J管，随访3～8个月，34例治愈，1例再次狭窄。结论“S”型输尿管全层切开具有术后再次发生狭窄率低的特点。

简介：摘要5S，是指对生产现场各生产要素（主要是物的要素）所处状态不断进行整理、整顿、清扫、清洁和提高素养的活动。其重点由环境品质扩及至人的行为品质，在安全、卫生、效率、品质及成本方面得到较大改善1。众所周知，药物的保管中，温度是很关键的条件，因此医院的冰箱成了非常重要的设备。但是怎么做好相关的管理呢？我院在环境、仪器、设备等方面严格按照5S定置管理，自行设计表单，组织培训，实际运用，取得较好的效果。

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简介：目的探讨S波段高功率微波（Sbandhighpowermicrowave,S-HPM）辐射对大鼠睾丸Toll样受体（Toll-likereceptor,TLR）表达的影响。方法60只雄性Wistar大鼠经0mW/cm2、30mW/cm2和100mW/cm2的S-HPM辐射20min,通过TUNEL方法检测辐射后6h、3d、7d和14d睾丸生精细胞的凋亡。采用Real-timePCR和Westernblotting检测辐射后睾丸组织TLR2、TLR3、TLR4和TLR5的mRNA和蛋白水平的表达变化。结果经30mW/cm2和100mW/cm2的S-HPM辐射后,生精细胞凋亡率随时间延长而增加,100mW/cm2组重于30mW/cm2组（P〈0.05）;S-HPM辐射后6h、3d和7d可见TLR2-5mRNA表达不同程度的增加（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）;辐射后7d可见TLR2-5蛋白表达的增加,100mW/cm2与30mW/cm2组相比无显著差异。结论S-HPM辐射可致睾丸生精组织凋亡,TLR2-5的表达上调,参与了微波辐射致生精细胞凋亡的病理生理过程。

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简介：摘要目的评价数字心电图机ECG-1230S的自动测量和诊断功能及临床应用价值。方法入选受试者100例，分别用惠州科美思医用仪器有限公司的数字心电图机ECG-1230S和武汉中旗的数字式多道心电图机iMAC120对受试者进行对照试验，对比分析4个心电测量参数和诊断结果。结果数字心电图机ECG-1230S和武汉中旗心电图机所测量的4个心电参数的数据无明显差异，一致性较好，心电诊断符合率达90%。结论数字心电图机的ECG-1230S的性能与武汉中旗产品基本等效，值得应用于临床推广。

简介：Genisteiniseffectiveagainstamyloid-βtoxicity,buttheunderlyingmechanismsareunclear.Wehypothesizedthatgenisteinmayprotectneuronsbyinhibitingthemitochondrialapoptoticpathway,andtherebyplayaroleinthepreventionofAlzheimer'sdisease.AratmodelofAlzheimer'sdiseasewasestablishedbyintraperitonealinjectionofD-galactoseandintracerebralinjectionofamyloid-βpeptide(25–35).Inthegenisteintreatmentgroups,a7-daypretreatmentwithgenistein(10,30,90mg/kg)wasgivenpriortoestablishingAlzheimer'sdiseasemodel,for49consecutivedays.Terminaldeoxyribonucleotidyltransferase-mediateddUTPnickendlabelingassaydemonstratedareductioninapoptosisinthehippocampusofratstreatedwithgenistein.Westernblotanalysisshowedthatexpressionlevelsofcapase-3,Baxandcytochromecweredecreasedcomparedwiththemodelgroup.Furthermore,immunohistochemicalstainingrevealedreductionsincytochromecandBaximmunoreactivityintheserats.MorriswatermazerevealedasubstantialshorteningofescapelatencybygenisteininAlzheimer'sdiseaserats.Thesefindingssuggestthatgenisteindecreasesneuronallossinthehippocampus,andimproveslearningandmemoryability.Theneuroprotectiveeffectsofgenisteinareassociatedwiththeinhibitionofthemitochondrialapoptoticpathway,asshownbyitsabilitytoreducelevelsofcaspase-3,Baxandcytochromec.

简介：腋臭医学上称之为"局部性臭汗症",是一种常见病,夏季时症状最明显,尤其令许多中青年男女患者产生自卑、孤僻消沉等不良情绪,严重影响工作生活.而以手术切除根治效果佳.自2002年初至2003年底我院共以"S"形切口修剪皮瓣法腋臭根治术治疗了92例患者,术后疗效好,报告如下:

简介：摘要目的探索不同乙肝标志物适用对象。方法对我院2009年1月至2009年10月2012例体检和乙肝患者PreS1抗原和其他相关项目结果进性回顾性分析。结果体检人群中HBsAg阳性率为8.3%，而“大三阳”仅为1.2%，PreS1抗原阳性率为1.4%。在HBV-DNA超过103copies/ml时，HBeAg特异性为75.6%，灵敏度为84.4%，而PreS1抗原特异性为57.6%，灵敏度为86.7%。结论PreS1抗原与HBeAg有一定的互补性，但可能存在过高假阳性。健康体检人群可以只查肝表面抗原（HBsAg），PreS1抗原应根据表面抗原的结果而定；而HBeAg仍然是评估慢性乙肝复制的常用指标，但针对HBeAg阴性患者有必要进行PreS1抗原检查。但是PreS1抗原检查也不能取代HBeAg。

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简介：AbstractPurpose:The poor prognosis in patients with floating knee injuries is mainly contributed to articular involvement (Fraser's type II). This study aims to evaluate and compare the functional outcomes among different Fraser's type II floating knee injuries after surgical management.Methods:Twenty-seven patients with Fraser's type II floating knee injuries (54 fractures) between September 2014 and December 2015 were enrolled prospectively in this study and were distributed according to Fraser's floating knee classification into three different groups as type IIA (ipsilateral femoral shaft and tibial intra-articular involvement, n = 11), type IIB (ipsilateral tibial shaft and femoral intra-articular involvement, n = 9) and type IIC (both femoral and tibial intra-articular involvement, n = 7). The differences among the groups were evaluated and compared. The functional outcomes of these injuries at one year were analyzed using Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) which covers 5 subscales of pain, other symptoms, activities of daily living, sports and recreation, and quality of life. The result was also compared with standardized age-sex matched healthy population using paired samples t-test.Results:All the patients were male, and the injury mechanism was solely roadside accident. The mean age was 29.8 years and injury severity score 17.9 (comparable in all the three groups). Most injuries were observed on the right side (20 cases, 74.1%). Based on paired samples t-test, the KOOS score of patients with Fraser's type IIA was found to be better than that of type IIB and type IIC. Compared with the reference age-sex matched control group, patients with Fraser's type IIB and IIC fractures had significantly lower mean score in all KOOS subscales (all p < 0.01). However, Fraser's type IIA only revealed significant difference regarding the subscales of activities of daily living (p < 0.0001), sports and recreation (p < 0.0001), and quality of life (p < 0.0001).Conclusion:The results of this study show that patients with Fraser's type IIA fractures had a better functional outcome as compared to those with type IIB and IIC fractures. This might be due to the open intra-articular involvement of the distal femur of the latter two fracture types.

简介：Addison’s病，全称为慢性原发性肾上腺皮质功能低下症，是由Addison最先描述并予以报道。本病最常见的病因为肾上腺结核和自身免疫性肾上腺炎，其他病因有肾上腺皮质受损等。在20世纪50年代以前，结核是引起Addison’s病的最常见原因，占70％～80％。随着结核发病率的下降和诊治水平的提高，据文献报道，目前在欧美国家，自身免疫性肾上腺炎已成为Addison’s病的首要病因，约占75％～80％，而结核引起者则已降至20％。而目前在我国，结核仍是引起Addison’s病的最常见原因。因此，当有Addison’s病的临床表现时，我们首先应想到肾上腺结核存在的可能。