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简介：Flowerpetalshavenotonlydiversemacroscopicmorphologiesbutarerichinmicroscopicsurfacepatterns,whicharecrucialtotheirbiologicalfunctions.Bothexperimentalmeasurementsandtheoreticalanalysisareconductedtorevealthephysicalmechanismsunderlyingtheformationofminutewrinklesonflowerpetals.Threerepresentativeflowers,daisy,kalanchoeblossfeldiana,andEustomagrandiflorum,areinvestigatedasexamples.Asurfacewrinklingmodel,incorporatingthemeasuredmechanicalpropertiesandgrowthratio,isusedtoelucidatethedifferenceintheirsurfacemorphologies.Themismatchbetweentheanisotropicepidermalcellgrowthandtheisotropicsecretionofsurficialwaxisfoundtodictatethesurfacepatterns.

简介：内在的hydrogenated非结晶的硅(a-Si:H)电影在n类型上被扔由到分析的热电线的化学蒸汽免职(HWCVD)的水晶的硅(c-Si)晶片非结晶/水晶的heterointerface钝化性质。对称的heterostructure的少数搬运人一生被使用请教WCT-120一生测试者系统，和决定从一生测量的接口状态密度被建议的一个简单方法的Sinton测量。接口状态密度测量被使用深水平的短暂光谱学(DLTS)证明简单方法的有效性也执行。微观结构和a-Si的氢结合配置:有不同的氢冲淡的H电影被使用分光镜的ellipsometry(SE)和Fourier变换调查红外线的光谱学(FTIR)分别地。接口状态密度的更低的值被使用a-Si获得:有水晶的硅上的更一致的、紧缩的微观结构和更少体积缺点的H电影由HWCVD扔了。

简介：Thispaperdescribesthedesignandfabricationofarangeof‘gascell'microtargetsproducedbytheTargetFabricationGroupintheCentralLaserFacility(CLF)foracademicaccessexperimentsontheOrionlaserfacilityattheAtomicWeaponsEstablishment(AWE).TheexperimentswerecarriedoutbyanacademicconsortiumledbyImperialCollegeLondon.Theunderlyingtargetmethodologywasanevolutionofarangeoftargetsusedforexperimentsonradiativeshocksandinvolvedthefabricationofaprecisionmachinedcellcontaininganumberofaperturesforinteractionfoilsordiagnosticwindows.Theinteriorofthecellwasgas-filledbeforelaserirradiation.Thispaperdetailstheassemblyprocesses,thinfilmrequirementsandmicro-machiningprocessesneededtoproducethetargets.Alsodescribedistheimplementationofagas-fillsystemtoproducetargetsthatarefilledtoapressureof0.1–1bar.Thepaperdiscussesthechallengesthatareposedbysuchatarget.

简介：近似所有人的癌症表演正常TP53基因表示的一半但是MDM2或MDMX的异常overexpression。这个事实建议有希望的癌症在指向在p53和MDM2/MDMX之间的相互作用的治疗学的策略。为了帮助，实现开发有效禁止者破坏p53-MDM2/MDMX相互作用的目标，我们系统地调查了结构并且有它和从用随机的分子的动力学模拟的一个原子论的观点的MDM2和MDMX的相互作用的禁止者的p53的相互作用特征。我们发现在MDM2和MDMX玩的结构的某特定的helices在他们的绑定给角色调音到禁止者，并且氢契约在MDM2或MDMX与它的对应物由p53的Trp23残余形成了，这在vivo从MDM2-p53建筑群决定MDM2-p53相互作用的混乱和p53的代替的动态比赛过程。结果在这报导纸被期望为设计功能的禁止者并且认识到癌症基因治疗的新策略提供基本信息。

简介：Conventionalorganicsolarcell’s(OSC)architectures,includingrigidtransparentsubstrate(Glass),conductiveelectrode(Indiumtinoxide,ITO)andsmallworkingareas,arewidelyutilizedinorganicphotovoltaicfields.However,suchastructureaswellasconventionalspin-coatingmethodobviouslyrestricttheirindustrialapplication.Inthisarticle,wereportthedepositionofsilvernanowires(AgNWs)ontheflexiblesubstratebyslot-dieprinting.TheobtainedAgNWsfilmsexhibitedahightransmittanceandalowresistance,andwerefurtherusedasthetransparentconductiveelectrodeofOSCs.Atypicalconjugatedpolymer,poly[(2,5-bis(2-hexyldecyloxy)phenylene)-alt-(5,6-difluoro-4,7-di(thiophen-2-yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole)](PPDT2FBT),wasusedastheactivematerialtofabricatelarge-area(7cm~2)solarcellsbyaslot-diecoatingprocess.Thepowerconversionefficiency(PCE)couldreach1.87%initiallyandfurtherincreasedto3.04%bythermalannealing.ComparedtotheperformanceofreferencecellonITOsubstrate,theresultindicatedthattheAgNWscouldbedevelopedasanalternativesubstituteofconductiveelectrodetofabricatethelarge-areaflexibleOSCsbyroll-to-rollprinting.