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简介：Inthispaper,thecycle’sstructureofembeddedgraphsinsurfacesarestudied.Accordingtothemethodoffundamentalcycles,thesetC(Ccontainsallshortest)isfound.AundirectedgraphGwithnverticeshasatmostO(n5)manyshortestcycles;IftheshortestcycleofGisoddcycle,thenGhasatmostO(n3)manyshortestcycles;IfGhasbeenembeddedinasurfaceSg(Ng,gisaconstant),thenithasatmostO(n3)shortestcycles,moreover,iftheshortestcycleofGisoddcycle,then,GhasatmostO(n2)manyshortestcycles.WecanfindacyclebaseofG,thenumberofoddcyclesofG,thenumberofevencyclesofG,thenumberofcontractiblecyclesofG,thenumberofnon-contractiblecyclesofG,arealldecided.IftheΠ-embeddedgraphGhasΠ-twosidedcycles,then,CcontainsashortestΠ-twosidedcycleofG,thereisapolynomiallyboundedalgorithmthatfindsashortestΠ-twosidedcycleofaΠ-embeddedgraphG,thenewandsimplesolutionsabouttheopenproblemofBojanMoharandCarstenThomassenareobtained.

简介：让H是有限的组G的亚群。如果，H在G是将近嵌入SS的在那里存在G的S-quasinormal亚群K，以便HK是在G和HKH的S-quasinormal在哪儿的seG,HseG是H的亚群，由S-quasinormally在G被嵌入的H的所有那些亚群产生了。在这份报纸，作者在有限的组的结构上调查将近嵌入SS的亚群的影响。

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简介：在这研究，为评估自然频率和模式的准确解决方案的分析关系与嵌入的形状存储器横梁塑造合金(SMA)电线被介绍。横梁根据Euler-Bernoulli，Timoshenko和第三根顺序横梁(瑞迪)理论被建模。一种关系为决定预先拉紧的SMA电线的恢复行动产生的轴的负担的效果被获得。由定义一些无尺寸的数量，频率和系统的模式形状上的不同机械性质的效果小心地被检验。轴的负担的效果与弄弯由SMA电线产生了负担和频率跳精确地被学习。

简介：Themainresultsareasfollows.

简介：DynamicbehaviorofsinglepileembeddedintransverselyisotropiclayeredmediaisinvestigatedusingthefiniteelementmethodcombinedwithdynamicstiffnessmatricesofthesoilderivedfromGreen’sfunctionforringloads.Theinfluenceofsoilanisotropyonthedynamicbehaviorofpilesisexaminedthroughaseriesofparametricstudies.

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简介：Afullsolutionoftwo-dimensionalNavier-Stokesandenergyequationwasconductednumericallytoanalyzethenaturalconvectionofthehorizontalstripwithanadiabaticsubstrate.Themainfeaturesofsuchconvectionare:(i)theleadingandtrailingedgeeffect,(ii)thenon-boundarylayereffect,and(iii)thesideedgeeffect.Theresultsarecomparedwiththeboundarylayertheoryandexprimentaldata.

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简介：Aneffectivemethodisdevelopedandusedtoinvestigatethean-tiplaneproblemofarigidlineinaconfocalellipticinhomogeneityembeddedinaninfinitemedium.Theanalyticalsolutionisobtained.Theproposedmethodisbasedupontheuseofconformalmappingandthetheoremofanalyticcontinuation.Specialsolutionswhichareverifiedbycomparisonwithexistingonesareprovided.Finally,thecharacteristicsofstresssingularityatthetipoftherigidlineinhomogeneityareanalyzedandtheextensionforcesforthecrackandtherigidlineinhomogeneityarederived.

简介：在现在的纸，在有弹性的媒介嵌入的多围的碳nanotubes(MWCNT)的动态稳定性包括热环境效果被调查。到这个目的，一个非局部的Timoshenko横梁模型被开发它捕获小规模效果。碳nanotubes的动态管理方程包括轴的压缩力量的效果基于Timoshenko横梁理论被提出。然后，参量的研究被进行与简单地支持的结束支持在MWCNT的动态稳定性特征上调查静态的负担因素，温度变化，非局部的参数，苗条比率和有弹性的媒介的春天常数的影响。

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简介：Weproposeanddemonstrateataperedhollowannularcorefiber(HACF)couplerforexcitationofwhisperinggallerymodes(WGMs)ofanembeddedmicrosphereresonator.ThecouplerissimplyfabricatedbyfusionsplicingofasegmentofHACFwiththesingle-modefiber(SMF),andthenimprovedbytaperingthesplicingjointtoreducethecone-apexangle.Therefore,thecouplingefficiencyfromtheSMFtotheHACFisenhancedtoexcitevariousWGMsviaevanescentfieldcoupling.Normalpositive,negativesymmetricalLorentzianandasymmetricFanolineshapescanbeobtainedbyvaryingtheresonatorsizeandlocation.AnotherinterestingphenomenonisobservedthatahigherQ-factormodeinalowerQ-factormodehasacontrastashighas58.Temperaturesensingwithgoodstabilityisalsodemonstrated.ThisembeddedWGMmicrosphereresonatorinthetaperedHACFisexpectedtopromoteenvironmentaladaptabilityinpracticalapplicationsduetoitssimplicityandrobustness.

简介：Softmaterialisbecomingincreasinglyimportanttomanyindustries,whichleadstothedemandforabetterunderstandingofitsmechanicalpropertiesunderlargedeformation.Inthispaper,atechniqueofintegratingthedigitalmoirémethodandembedded-gratingapproachispresentedforinvestigatingmechanicalbehaviorsofavulcanizedsiliconerubberincontactwithawedge-shapedindenter.Twodistinctdeformationsectorsareobservedfromtheexperimentalresult.Asimplewayofcomputingstrainisalsopresentedbyanalysinggriddeformationwithintheframeworkofgeometricalnonlinearity.Threeregionswereobservedfromstraindistributionalongthehorizontaldirection:thecontactregion,thesink-inregionandthefar-fieldregion.Moreover,theextentofthestickyregionandthatoftheslippyregionwithinthecontactinterfacearedistinguished,whichcanproviderealisticdatafortheoreticalmodelling.Basedonthefinitedeformationelasticitytheory,thedistributionofcontactpressureandshearstressoverthecontactinterfacearederivedforpredictionofpossiblecracks.

简介：Ananalyticalmodelisdevelopedtostudythesurfaceeffectsonthevibrationbehaviorincludingthenaturalfrequencyandthecriticalflowvelocityoffluid-conveyingnanotubesembeddedinanelasticmedium.TheeffectsofsurfaceelasticityandresidualsurfacestressareaccountedthroughthesurfaceelasticitymodelandtheYoung-Laplaceequation.AWinkler-typefoundationisemployedtomodeltheinteractionofnanotubesandthesurroundingmedium.Theresultsshowthatthesurfaceeffectshavemoreprominentinfluencesonthenaturefrequencywithsmallernanotubethickness,largeraspectratioandlargerelasticmediumconstants.Bothsurfacelayersandtheelasticmediumenhancethestabilityofnanotubes.Thisstudymightbehelpfulfordesigningthefluid-conveyingnanotubedevicesinNEMSandMEMSsystems.

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简介：Thispaperdealswiththefreevibrationanalysisofcircularalumina(Al2O3)nanobeamsinthepresenceofsurfaceandthermaleffectsrestingonaPasternakfoundation.ThesystemofmotionequationsisderivedusingHamilton'sprincipleundertheassumptionsoftheclassicalTimoshenkobeamtheory.Theeffectsofthetransversesheardeformationandrotaryinertiaarealsoconsideredwithintheframeworkofthementionedtheory.Theseparationofvariablesapproachisemployedtodiscretizethegoverningequationswhicharethensolvedbyananalyticalmethodtoobtainthenaturalfrequenciesofthealuminananobeams.TheresultsshowthatthesurfaceeffectsleadtoanincreaseinthenaturalfrequencyofnanobeamsascomparedwiththeclassicalTimoshenkobeammodel.Inaddition,fornanobeamswithlargediameters,thesurfaceeffectsmayincreasethenaturalfrequenciesbyincreasingthethermaleffects.Moreover,withregardtothePasternakelasticfoundation,thenaturalfrequenciesareincreasedslightly.Theresultsofthepresentmodelarecomparedwiththeliterature,showingthatthepresentmodelcancapturecorrectlythesurfaceeffectsinthermalvibrationofnanobeams.