简介：溶胶界西层厚应通常是用Porod法对高角区负偏离的队Porod曲线进行拟合求算，但本文研究表明还可通过分别测定Porod负偏离校正前后体系粒子的平均阗径之差而获得平均界面厚度。应用上述方法测定了在不同制备条件下制备的二氧化硅溶胶的平均界面厚度。

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简介：为了分析电流型CdZnTe（CZT）探测器的脉冲线性,利用CZT探测器测量得到了脉冲宽度为50ns的脉冲X射线响应曲线,采用波形时间积分法分析了其线性特性。结果表明,以波形时间积分为测量目标量,当X射线照射量在0.160-0.826mR范围时,在10%的不确定度范围内,样品探测器可作为线性测量系统的探测器件;以幅值为测量目标量,工作电压为400V时,在5%的不确定度范围内,样品探测器可作为线性测量系统的探测器件。

简介：射流是自然界中的一种普遍现象。在惯性约束聚变（ICF）、天体物理的研究中，射流也是其中重要的过程，对射流的研究是相关领域中的重要研究内容之一。在实验室，利用高功率激光模拟相应的射流过程，并进行实验诊断，获得的结果对ICF的理论研究以及校验相关程序，具有重要价值。

简介：利用双晶单色器和精密二圆衍射仪，在北京同步辐射装置建立了同步辐射X射线驻波实验技术，并用这一实验技术结合X射线衍射方法，研究了Si晶体中外延生长的起薄Ge原于层的微结构。实验结果表明，由于Ge原予的偏析，在Si晶体样品中形成了共格生长的GexSi1-x合金层，浓度平均值为x≈0.13；650℃退大会使Ge原予向表面扩散，Si晶体中的合金层消失，在晶体表面形成接近纯Ge的单原于层。

简介：分析了X射线辐照电缆的物理过程,建立了基于有限元方法的二维诺顿等效电流源计算模型,将泊松方程、电场强度、电荷守恒方程等求解过程转换为矩阵和向量运算,并利用PETSc程序包编程计算,模拟了辐射感应电导率和间隙效应对屏蔽电缆X射线辐照响应的影响。结果显示,仅考虑辐射感应电导率效应时,随着X射线注量的增加,诺顿等效电流源逐渐趋于饱和,波形宽度变窄,并逐渐变为双极性波形。仅考虑间隙效应时,诺顿等效电流源幅度与间隙宽度近似成正比;间隙效应会大幅抵消辐射感应电导率效应的影响,诺顿等效电流源幅度仍近似正比于间隙宽度。该方法实现了电缆X射线辐照非线性效应的模拟,并将计算对象扩展到屏蔽多导体电缆。

简介：TheadsorptionofCOonPtgroupmetals,asamostfundamentalelementaryreactionstep,hasbeenwidelystudiedincatalysisandelectrocatalysis.Particularly,thestructuresofCOonPt(111)havebeenextensivelyinvestigated,owingtoitsimportancetobothfundamentalandappliedcatalysis.Yet,muchlessisknownregardingCOadsorptiononaPt(111)surfacemodulatedbysupportedoxidenanostructures,whichisofmorerelevancetotechnicalcatalysis.Wethusinvestigatedthecoverage-dependentadsorptionofCOonaPt(111)surfacepartiallycoveredbyFeOxnanostructures,whichhasbeendemonstratedasaremarkablecatalystforlow-temperatureCOoxidation.Wefoundthat,duetoitsstrongchemisorption,thecoverage-dependentstructureofCOonbarePtisnotinfluencedbythepresenceofFeOx.But,oxygen-terminatedFeOxnanostructurescouldmodulatethediffusivityofCOattheirvicinity,andthusaffecttheformationoforderedCOsuperstructuresatlowtemperatures.Usingscanningtunnelingmicroscopy(STM),weinspectedthediffusivityofCO,followedthephasetransitionsofCOdomains,andresolvedthemoleculardetailsofthecoverage-dependentCOstructures.OurresultsprovideafullpictureforCOadsorptiononaPt(111)surfacemodulatedbyoxidenanostructuresandshedlightsontheinter-adsorbateinteractiononmetalsurfaces.

简介：用第一原则的乐队结构，方法和特殊quasirandom结构(平方)来临，我们系统地计算了弯系数和SnxZn1xTe合金的自然乐队偏移量的合金。我们证明鞠躬的系数和这些合金的乐队差距是易感知地作文依赖者。由于完整的重叠和Sn最外面的p轨道和Zns的delocalization转的波浪功能，在这些状态之间联合是很强壮的，导致有Sn集中x的增加的传导乐队边的重要换至较低排挡，当原子价乐队边与二进制ZnTe的相比保持几乎未改变时，因此改进可能性为双极性做。

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简介：Generally,ROSareregardedashostdefensemoleculesthatarereleasedbyneutrophilstodestroyexogenouspathogenssuchasbacteriaandtoactassecondarymessengersinsignaltransduction.However,increasedproductionofROSisalsoinvolvedininducingpathophysiologicalchangessuchasapoptosis,cellcycledisruption,andnecrosis.Forthisreason,inductionofROS-mediateddamageincancercellsbypharmacologicalagentsthateitherpromoteROSgenerationordisablethecellularantioxidantsystemisconsideredapotentialtherapeuticstrategyforpreferentiallykillingcancercells[1].

简介：TheinhomogeneityinacongrunetLiTaO3crystalhasbeenobservedbytransmissionsynchrotrontopography.ManyextraordinaryregionsexistincongruentLiTaO3crystalandtheyoftenshowdiffractionintensitydifferentfromthatofordinaryregionsinsynchrotrontopographs.DifferentialthermalanalysisindiatesthattheCurietemperatureoftheextraordinaryregionislowerthanthatofordinaryregion,andtheextraordinaryregionisreallyahighdefectdensityregion.Thediffractioncontrastoftheextraordinaryregioninsynchrotrontopographsisexplainedqualitativelybyacalculationattheselectedwavelength.2001PublishedbyElsevierScienceB.V.

简介：Pt/WO3/CnanocompositeswithparallelWO3nanorodsweresynthesizedandappliedasthecathodecatalystforprotonexchangemembranefuelcells(PEMFCs).Electrochemicalresultsandsinglecelltestsshowthatanenhancedactivityfortheoxygenreductionreaction(ORR)isobtainedforthePt/WO3/CcatalystcomparedwithPt/C.ThehighercatalyticactivitymightbeascribedtotheimprovedPtdispersionwithsmallerparticlesizes.ThePt/WO3/Ccatalystalsoexhibitsagoodelectrochemicalstabilityunderpotentialcycling.Thus,thePt/WO3/CcatalystcanbeusedasapotentialPEMFCcathodecatalyst.

简介：CaF2:Ho3+/Yb3+nano-particleswithintensegreenup-conversion(UC)luminescencearesuccessfullysynthesizedviaafacilehydrothermalapproachbyusingNH4FasthefluoridesourceandNa2EDTAasachelatingreagent.PowderXraydiffraction(XRD),transmissionelectronmicroscopy(TEM),fieldemissionscanningelectronmicroscopy(FE-SEM),andUCemissionspectraareusedtocharacterizethestructures,shapes,andluminescentpropertiesofthesamples.TheeffectsfromfluoridesourcesandchelatingreagentsontheformationsofCaF2nano-particlesareinvestigated,andtheformationprocessisalsodeduced.Undertheexcitationofa980-nmlaserdiode,thesampleseachshowagreenup-conversionemissioncenteredat540nmcorrespondingtothe5S2/5F4→5I8transitionsofHo3+.Moreover,theUCmechanismsofHo3+/Yb3+co-dopedCaF2nano-particlesarealsodiscussed.

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简介：采用燃烧法合成了La1.6（MoO_4）_3：Eu_0.4^3＋纳米晶末，研究了其声子一掺杂-晶格相互作用和发光性质。x射线粉末衍射（XRD）分析表明，在500～900℃退火后，La1.6（MoO_4）_3：Eu_0.4^3＋样品为单一晶相。对样品进行了光致发光（PL）测量，激发Mo^6＋-O^2-电荷迁移带，观察到Eu^3＋的系列发光，表明Mo^6＋-O^2-带和Eu^3＋间存在能量传递，中心波长分别在λ1=469nm和λ2=426nm处的两个one-phonon边带，相应的声子能量分别为767和1202cm^-1，分别对应于Mo=0和Mo-0-Mo伸缩振动。同时，计算了两个局域模电子一声子耦合强度的黄昆因子分别为S1=0．055和S2=0．037，为揭示其三价离子高传导特性及其负热膨胀物理特性提供了实验基础。

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简介：ThecorrelationbetweenphasestructuresandsurfaceacidityofAl2O3supportscalcinedatdifferenttemperaturesandthecatalyticperformanceofNi/Al2O3catalystsintheproductionofsyntheticnaturalgas(SNG)viaCOmethanationwassystematicallyinvestigated.Aseriesof10wt%NiO/Al2O3catalystswerepreparedbytheconventionalimpregnationmethod,andthephasestructuresandsurfaceacidityofAl2O3supportswereadjustedbycalciningthecommercialγ-Al2O3atdifferenttemperatures(600–1200C).COmethanationreactionwascarriedoutinthetemperaturerangeof300–600Catdifferentweighthourlyspacevelocities(WHSV=30000and120000mL·g-1h-1)andpressures(0.1and3.0MPa).ItwasfoundthathighcalcinationtemperaturenotonlyledtothegrowthinNiparticlesize,butalsoweakenedtheinteractionbetweenNinanoparticlesandAl2O3supportsduetotherapiddecreaseofthespecificsurfaceareaandacidityofAl2O3supports.Interestingly,NicatalystssupportedonAl2O3calcinedat1200C(Ni/Al2O3-1200)exhibitedthebestcatalyticactivityforCOmethanationunderdifferentreactionconditions.LifetimereactiontestsalsoindicatedthatNi/Al2O3-1200wasthemostactiveandstablecatalystcomparedwiththeotherthreecatalysts,whosesupportswerecalcinedatlowertemperatures(600,800and1000C).ThesefindingswouldthereforebehelpfultodevelopNi/Al2O3methanationcatalystforSNGproduction.

简介：A60%Fe/Al2O3catalystwaspreparedbytheco-precipitationmethod.ItwasreducedbyH2toproducemetallicFe,whichwasthensulfidedbyCS2toFe0.96SandFe3S4orphosphidedbytriphenylphosphine(PPh3)inliquidphasestoFe2PandFeP.Itwasfoundthattheironsulfides(Fe0.96SandFe3S4)exhibitedthelowactivityforthehydrodesulfurization(HDS)reactions.TheHDSactivitywasalsolowontheFe(metal)/Al2O3andFe2P/Al2O3catalystssincetheywereconvertedintoFe0.96SandFe3S4duringtheHDSreactions.Incontrast,theFeP/Al2O3wasfoundtobestableandactivefortheHDSreactions.Inparticular,FeP/Al2O3possessedsignificantlysmallerFePparticlesthanFeP/C,leadingtothesignificanthigherHDSactivityofFeP/Al2O3thanFeP/C.

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简介：Wehaveshownthat,incontrasttotheresultsintheliterature,theBraggpeakintensityofNi80Fe20/Cusuperlatticesisenhancedattheincidentx-rayenergyslightlyhigherthantheabsorptionedgeoftheheavierelement(Cu).TheatomicdensityatNi80Fe20/Cuinterfacewasanalysedbythediffractionanomalousfinestructuretechnologywiththeincidentangleofx-rayfixedatthefirstBraggpeak.OurresultsdemonstratetheepitaxygrowthofNi80Fe20/Cusuperlattices.Uponannealing,theepitaxityofNi80Fe20/Cumultilayersbecomespoorbutthelocalcrystallinityineachlayerisimproved.