简介：<正>DearSir,IamProf.BeuyJoobfromSanitation1MedicalAcademicCenter,Bangkok,Thailand.Iwritetodiscusstherecentpublicationonproteomicanalysisindiabeticretinopathy(DR).Liuetal[1]concludedthattheirapproachbytwodimensionalfluorescencedifferencegelelectrophoresis(2D-DIGE)combinedwithmatrix-assistedlaser

简介：神经眼科学是介于神经科学和眼科学之间的一门交叉学科，掌握相关磁共振知识至关重要。磁共振血管造影、磁共振静脉造影以及脑功能磁共振成像是近年来发展迅速的核磁新技术，在神经眼科方面的应用上有其独特优势。

简介：·Thetherapeuticeffectofselenium(Se)hasalreadybeenproveninthyroiddiseaseandthyroidassociatedophthalmopathy(TAO).InspiteofclearscientificproofofitsbenefitsinTAO,thereappearstobenoclearagreementamongthecliniciansregardingitsoptimumdose,durationofthetreatment,efficacyandsafetytodate.Inthisreview,theauthorsummarisesthefindingsof135Englishlanguagearticlespublishedonthissubjectoverthepastfourdecadesfrom1973to2013.TheregulationandmetabolismofthyroidhormonesrequireasteadysupplyofSeandrecentstudieshaverevealedseveralpossiblemechanismsbywhichSeimprovestheseverityofthyroiddiseaseandTAO.Thesemechanismsinclude1)inhibitoryeffectofHLA-DRmoleculeexpressiononthyrocytes;2)profoundreductionsofthyroidstimulatinghormone(TSH)receptorantibodies(TSHR-Ab)andTPOantibodies(TPO-Ab);3)preventionofdysregulationofcell-mediatedimmunityandBcellfunction;4)neutralisingreactiveoxygenspecies(ROS)andinhibitionofredoxcontrolprocessesrequiredfortheactivation,differentiationandactionoflymphocytes,macrophages,neutrophils,naturalkillercellsinvolvedinbothacuteandchronicorbitalinflammationinTAO;5)inhibitionofexpressionofproinflammatorycytokinesand6)inhibitionofprostaglandinandleukotrienesynthesis.AnincreasedoxidativestresshasbeenobservedinbothacuteandchronicphasesofthyroiddiseasewithraisedtissueconcentrationsofROS.ThebenefitsofSesupplementationinindividualswithTAOappeartobeproportionatetothedegreeofsystemicactivityofthethyroiddisease.ThemaximalbenefitofSesupplementationisthereforeseeninthesubjectswhoarehyperthyroid.RestorationofeuthyroidismisoneofthemaingoalsinthemanagementofTAOandwhenanti-thyroiddrugsarecombinedwithSe,thepatientswithGraves’disease(GD)andautoimmunethyroiditis(AIT)achievedeuthyroidismfasterthanthosetreatedwithanti-thyroiddrugsalone.SestatusofnormaladulthumanscanvarywidelyandSe

简介：·AIM:Toinvestigatetheantifibroticeffectoffreeze-driedbilayeredfibrin-bindingamnioticmembraneontrabeculectomyinarabbitmodel.·METHODS:Twenty-fourJapanesewhiterabbitswererandomizedintothreegroups:theexperimentalgroup(oculartrabeculectomyincombinationwithfreeze-driedbilayeredfibrin-bindingamnioticmembranetransplantation),thecontrolgroup(oculartrabeculectomyincombinationwithnaturalbilayeredfibrin-bindingamnioticmembrane)andtheblankgroup(singletrabeculectomy).Clinicalobservation,hematoxylin-eosinstaining,Massionstaining,real-timePCRandimmunohistochemistryforα-SMAwereperformedondays7,14,21and30followingsurgery.·RESULTS:Statisticaldifferenceswerenotedinsurvivalanalysisandintraocularpressure(IOP)amonggroupsondays7,14,21and30followingsurgery.Histology,immunoh-istochemistryandreal-timePCRfurtherdemonstratedthattrabeculectomyincombinationwithfreeze-driedbilayeredfibrin-bindingamnioticmembraneresultedingoodwoundhealingandnoscarformation.·CONCLUSION:Self-madefreeze-driedbilayeredfibrin-bindingamnioticmembranemayinhibittheformationofscarringinglaucomaaftertrabeculectomy.·

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatethecharacteristicsandcriterionofgraftrejectioninmicemodel.METHODS:C57BL/6orBALB/cmicecornealgraftsweregraftedontoBALB/chosts.Eachgroupwasdividedintotwosubgroupsaccordingtothecornealopacityscores12daftertransplantation.Thecharacteristicsofopacityandneovascularizationwereobserved.Miceofthe12th,50thdayaftertransplantation,thegraftsbiopsyofmiceinallogeneicgroup1,whichopacityscoreexceed3,werepreparedforhistologicalobservationandthoserestoretransparentwereendothelialstained.RESULTS:Therewasnodifferenceofcornealopacityscoreonthe7thand12thdayafteroperation;thehistologicalresultshadnodisparitybetweensyngeneicgroupandallogeneicgroup.Onthe12thdayaftersurgery,theturbiditycurvewasapparentingraftswithopacityscore<2.Mononuclearcellswereshowningraftswithopacityscorereached3inallogeneicgroup1.Differentrejectionperformancewasobservedintissuesectionsonthe50thdayaftersurgery.CONCLUSION:Grafts,opacityscoreexceeds3fromthe7thtothe12thdayafteroperationcouldnotbejudgedasarejection.Weshouldpaymoreattentiontothevariationofgraftsopacitysince12daftercornealtransplantation.

简介：随着对羊膜特性的深入认识，传统羊膜移植的适应证逐渐扩大，并且出现了各种新型羊膜制品。本文主要对目前羊膜移植在眼科的进展和合理应用做一概述。

简介：经瞳孔温热疗法是近年来国内外应用于眼科治疗的一种新方法。本文就其作用原理、操作方法、并发症以及主要适应证和面临的问题做一全面综述。

简介：AIM:Toexaminethemechanismofthedevelopmentofpseudoexfoliation(PSX)syndromeviabothcytokineformationandendothelialvasorelaxingandgrowthfactorsthatwillprovideusnewtherapeuticinsightsforthetreatment.METHODS:Thisisacrosssectionalstudyincludedtwogroups;Group1:controlpatientswithnuclearcataract(n=20,aged51-80years).Group2:PSXpatientswithnuclearcataract(n=18,aged50-90years).Patientswithotherophthalmicproblemsandsystemicdiseaseswereexcluded.Vascularendothelialgrowthfactor(VEGF),interleukin-6(IL-6)andinterleukin-1β(IL-1β)andnitrotyrosinelevelsweredeterminedthroughserumsamplesbyEnzyme-linkedimmunosorbentassay(ELISA)method.Nitrite-nitratelevelsweremeasuredwithphotometricendpointdetermination.RESULTS:Therewerenosignificantdifferencesbetweenthegroupsintermsofage,VEGF,IL-1β,nitrite-nitrateandnitrotyrosine.ThesignificantresultswerethemeanIL-6levelsthatwerehigherinPSXgroup2(37.68±29.52pg/mL)comparedtothatincontrolgroup1(15.32±10.08pg/mL)(P<0.001).CONCLUSION:SeveralinteractingandextendingbiochemicalpathwaysmayleadtothepromotionofVEGFandIL-6expressions.IL-6whichistheonlyalteredmarkerinourstudymayindirectlycauseanincreaseofvascularpermeabilityandneovascularization.WesuggestinflammationasafactorthatcanbeinvolvedinetiopathogenesisofPSX.

简介：<正>上海医科大学眼耳鼻喉科医院眼科主办的继续医学教育项目"青光眼诊治进展"学习班于1999.12.19～12.25在上海举办,来自贵州、广西、四川、浙江、江苏、福建、山东、辽宁、宁夏、湖北、上海等11个省、市自治区、直辖市的62名眼科医生正式注册参加了学习。学习班内容丰富,不但有青光眼常规药物、手术治疗的原则、技巧,术中、术后并发症的防治,用于青光眼诊断及随访的各种新型检测技术及仪器介绍,青光眼药物治

简介：目的探讨前房穿刺在急性青光眼中降低眼压的应用。方法对我院收治的35例急性青光眼患者应用前房穿刺术。结果35例急性光眼患者应用前房穿刺术，有31例能快速降低眼压，无操作意外和并发症。结论前房穿刺术可以作为急性青光眼中降低眼压一种方法，避免或减少应用甘‘露醇的全身毒副作用，降低医疗风险。

简介：目的探讨临床护理路径在斜视围手术期中的应用效果。方法将68例斜视患者按入院单双日将其分为对照组和观察组各34例,比较两组患者遵医嘱的依从性、满意度、住院时间、住院费用的情况。结果观察组患者遵医嘱的依从性和满意度明显提高,住院时间和住院费用明显减少,与对照组比较有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论斜视围手术期应用临床护理路径是一种科学、合理、高效、个性化的护理模式,值得推广。

简介：目的：探讨裂隙灯眼前段处理系统在眼科临床工作中的各种实际应用状况及操作技巧。方法：应用配置佳能PowerShotA720IS型数码照相机（1200万像素）SLM型裂隙灯显微镜检查眼部病变情况，并在裂隙灯下根据不同的病变位置，在不同色彩、角度下进行照相（放大倍率×10；×16；×20）。结果：采集不同种类疾病具有代表性照片：眼睑及结膜肿物、结膜裂伤、角膜炎、角膜异物、翼状胬肉、前房积血、前房角异物等如图示。结论：裂隙灯眼前段处理系统的应用为临床医疗文献提供直接定性依据，给患者了解自身病情带来便利，照片直观、经济，在眼科领域的临床应用具有广阔的前景。

简介：Endogenousaspergillusendophthalmitis(EAE)afterkidneytransplantisararebutimportantclinicalproblemduetopotentiallydevastatingconsequences.EarlydiagnosisofEAE,timelyremovalofaffectedvitreousbyvitrectomy,properanti-fungaltreatment,allcontributedtothesuccessfulcontrolofthedisease.TherapeuticsuccessofEAEinpost-transplantpatientsdependslargelyonpromptdiagnosis.DefinitediagnosisofEAEisbasedonpositivecultureresultsofvitreousspecimen,whilefundoscopyandBscanultrasoundmayaidearlydiagnosis.Intermsofanti-fungalmedicine,amphotericinBhaslongbeenthefirstchoice,butitssystemicapplicaitonhassevereadversereactions,especiallyforpatientswithimpairedrenalfunction.Herein,wereportthetreatmentmodalityofEAEafterkidneytransplantwithvitrectomy,systemicadministrationofmicafunginplusvoriconazole,topicalapplicationoffluconazolandamphotercinB.

简介：随着互联网技术的发展及其与教育的有机结合，眼科教学面临新的机遇和挑战。应完善基于医疗“大数据”技术、虚拟现实技术和移动互联技术为主要内容的眼科教学方法，提升“互联网＋”背景下眼科教师的教学素养，从而促进学生自主学习、个性化学习，达到提高学习效率、改善学习效果的目的。

简介：目的研制一种实用型显微手术教学培训眼球固定台.方法利用有机玻璃、注射器、压力表等制作一种用于显微手术教学培训的眼球固定台.结果使用方便、灵活,压力稳定性强,有利于清洁,取材方便,制作简单,成本低廉.结论该固定台是一种值得推广应用的显微手术教学与培训的眼球固定台.

简介：Mostoftheoculartumorshavepoorprognosis,andtheyremainadifficultproblemintheareaofophthalmology.Withtherapiddevelopmentofmolecularbiologyandimmunologictechniquesandthedeepresearchonoculartumorrelatedgenes,itbecomespossibletodiagnoseandtreatmalignanttumorsfromthemolecularlevel.Thetumornecrosisfactorrelatedapoptosis-inducingligand(TRAIL),amemberofthetumornecrosisfactor(TNF)superfamily,isapromisingcandidate,eitheraloneorincombinationwithestablishedcancertherapies,sinceitcaninitiateapoptosisthroughtheactivationoftheirdeathreceptors.TheabilityofTRAILtoselectivelyinduceapoptosisoftransformed,virus-infectedortumorcellsbutnotnormalcellspromotesthedevelopmentofTRAIL-basedcancertherapy.Here,wewillreviewTRAILanditsreceptors’structure,function,mechanismofactionandapplicationinoculartumorstherapy.

简介：目的探讨泪道激光成形术在泪道阻塞疾病中的疗效。方法选择不同泪道阻塞性疾病患者在BDK-BS脉冲Nd：YAG激光治疗机对阻塞部位进行激光、汽化、疏通，冲洗泪道有液体进入口腔或鼻腔确认泪道通畅。后根据病情定期冲洗泪道。结果81人84只眼（鼻泪管阻塞52只眼，鼻泪管及泪总管阻塞15只眼，泪总管阻塞10只眼，泪小管阻塞7只眼），治愈60眼（71．43％），好转16眼（19．05％），无效8眼（9．52％），总有效率90．48％。结论BDK—BS脉冲Nd：YAG激光治疗机在泪道阻塞性疾病治疗中有一定的疗效。

简介：<正>我们从1995～1998年间,用自拟"止衄汤"治疗鼻中隔粘膜糜烂性出血130例,经与对照组对照并随访2年,疗效满意,无任何毒副作用,现报告如下。

简介：透明质酸酶结构复杂，功能特殊，具有多种生物学活性。作为透明质酸的专一性水解酶存医学和生物学领域有广泛的研究和应用。近年来透明质酸酶在眼科手术局部麻醉，白内障及其并发症、青光眼、玻璃体视网膜疾病等方面的基础研究和临床应用报道很多，并有部分涉及甲状腺相关眼病等疾病的治疗应用情况：现将透明质酸酶基本性质及其在眼科应用的进展作一综述。

简介：目的：评价加压泪道冲洗对新生儿泪囊炎的临床治疗效果。方法：在门诊治疗中对3mo以上的新生儿泪囊炎280例340眼进行泪道冲洗，随机分为2组，A组140例164眼采用常规方法冲洗，B组140例176眼进行加压泪道冲洗，对比并观察冲洗治疗效果。结果：A组冲洗1～3次通畅9眼（5．5％）；冲洗4次以上通畅14眼（8．5％）；需加泪道探通141眼（86．0％）。B组冲洗1～3次通畅128眼（72．7％）；冲洗4次以上通畅31眼（17．6％），需加泪道探通术17眼（9．7％）。改良方法的成功率明显高于常规方法。