简介:Duetotheirsize-dependentpropertiesandflexibleprocessingchemistry(Alivisatos,1996),monodispersednanocrystalshaveattractedconsiderableattentionfortheirdistinguishedroleinfundamentalstudiesandtechnicalapplications.AlthoughmuchhasbeenreportedonfabricationofmonodispersedinorganicnanocrystalssuchasFe2O3,CdSe,PbSeandZrO2(Peng&Peng,2002;Zhuetal.,2002;Niederbergeretal.,2002;Pangetal.,2001),littlepublishedonthepreparationofBaSO4nanocrystalsandtheircrystalsizeandmorphologywhichaffecttheirperformanceinapplication.PolymeradditiveswithcomplexfunctionshavebeenusedastemplatestodirectorientednucleationandgrowthofBaSO4(Xiaoetal.,2001;Yuetal.,2002;Summersetal.,2002),asanewclassoffunctionalpolymers,theso-calleddouble-hydrophilicblockcopolymers,designedtocontrolthemorphologyofBaSO4(Colfenetal.,2002),includingtheirnanofiberssynthesizedinAOTmicroemulsion(Li&Mann,2000).ThoughsomuchresearchhasbeendevotedtocontrollingtheBaSO4morphologies,thepresentnotewillreportonthesynthesisofBaSO4nanocrystalswithsizecontrolling.
简介:Well-dispersedBaSO4nanoparticlesweresynthesizedinthepresenceofsodiumpolyacrylate(PAAS)byasimpleprecipitationmethod,withBaCl2and(NH4)2SO4asreactants.ThedifferentrolesperformedbyPAASinthesynthesisofBaSO4nanoparticleswereinvestigatedusingX-raydiffractometry,Fouriertransforminfraredspectroscopy,andtransmissionelectronmicroscopy.TheresultsindicatethattheassynthesizedBaSO4nanoparticlesweresphereswithanaveragediameterof30nmandthattheirsurfaceswereaffectedbythePAAS.Underatypicalprocedureemployed,PAASreactedwithBaCl2toyieldanintermediate,servingasacontrolreleasingagentandseparatingthenucleationandcrystalgrowthprocessesoftheBaSO4nuclei.DuringformationoftheBaSO4nanospheres,theintermediateslowlydissolvedandreleasedbariumandpolyacrylateions,inhibitingthegrowthandaggregationofnewlyformedBaSO4seedsandresultinginparticlesofnarrowdiameterdistributionandimproveddispersibility.Moreover,thesepolyacrylateionsfurthermodifiedthesurfacesoftheBaSO4nanoparticles.
简介:Fatiguepropertiesofage-hardenedAlalloy2017-T4underultrasonicloadingfrequency(20kHz)wereinvestigatedandcomparedwiththeresultsunderconventionalloadingofrotatingbending(50Hz).Thegrowthofacrackretardedatabout500μminsurfacelengthunderultrasonicloading,whileatabout20μmunderrotatingbending.Althoughstriationsbeingatypicalfracturemechanismwereobservedunderconventionalloading,mostoffracturesurfacewascoveredwithmanyfacetsunderultrasonicloading.Thesefacetswerealsoobservedunderrotatingbendinginnitrogengas.Thedifferenceingrowthmechanismdependingontheloadingfrequencyandtheretardationofacrackgrowthunderultrasonicloadingmaybecausedbytheenvironmentatthecracktipduetohighcrackgrowthrateunderultrasonicloading.
简介:TheinfluenceofNa2SO4ontheformationofZnOwhiskerswasinvestigatedinthispaper.ZnOwhiskerswithaspectratiosofupto50weresynthesizedbydissolvingε-Zn(OH)2precursorinNaOH/Na2SO4solutionatroomtemperature,followedbyagingoftheresultingsolutionat140℃for6h.Fouriertransforminfraredspectroscopy,Ramanspectroscopy,andX-rayphotoelectronspectroscopyanalysesrevealedthatSO42-ionswereprimarilyadsorbedonthe(100)planeoftheZnOwhiskersviaanouter-spherecomplexconfiguration(O-H…O),therebypromotingtheone-dimensionalgrowthofZnOwhiskersalongthec-axis.
简介:有从30~80nm的尺寸的Fe3O4nanoparticles被湿milling铁粉末在一家行星的球工厂综合。阶段作文和同样综合的产品的形态学被X光检查衍射(XRD)测量,扫描电子显微镜学(SEM)和传播电子显微镜学(TEM)。NanosizedFe3O4粒子被湿milling准备金属性的铁粉末(?200网孔,99%)在与不锈钢装备的一家行星的球工厂,使用的小瓶与50:1并且以300rpm的旋转速度的ball-to-powder团比率在提取的水下面熨球。在这个方法的铁球的使用在Fe3O4formation起了一个关键作用。现在的技术简单,这个过程是容易的执行。
简介:文章给出了一种真正多维的HLLRiemann解算器.采用AUSM分裂将通量分解成为对流通量和压力通量,其中对流通量的计算采用迎风格式,压力通量的计算采用HLL格式,且将HLL格式的耗散项中的密度差用压力差代替,从而使得格式能够分辨接触间断.为了实现数值格式真正多维的特性,分别计算了网格界面中点和角点上的数值通量,并且采用Simpson公式加权组合中点和角点上的数值通量得到网格界面的数值通量.为了减少重构角点处状态时的模板宽度,计算中采用基于SDWLS梯度的线性重构获得2阶空间精度,而时间离散采用2阶保强稳Runge—Kutta方法.数值实验表明,相比于传统的一维HLL格式,文章的真正多维HLL格式具有能够分辨接触间断,以及更大的时间步长等优点.与其他能够分辨接触间断的格式(例如HLLC格式)不同,真正多维的HLL格式在计算二维问题时不会出现激波不稳定现象.
简介:针对惯性器件输出噪声引起高精度机载POS(PositionandOrientationSystem)地面双位置对准精度较差的问题,提出基于小波滤波和隐马尔科夫建模的数据预处理方法结合自适应卡尔曼滤波的双位置对准方法。首先分析惯性敏感器原始信息的频率特性,利用小波滤波算法,消除惯性器件测量中的高频噪声;综合分析器件的随机游走特性,通过建立隐马尔科夫模型削弱惯性敏感器输出随机游走的影响;并针对降噪处理、电源波动及环境因素等引起的系统噪声统计规律不确定性问题,提出利用自适应卡尔曼滤波的方法实现POS高精度初始对准。试验结果表明,采用本文所提方法的对准结果,可使对准结束后600s纯捷联解算的水平速度误差由1.278m/s减小至0.6061m/s,水平位置误差由274.6m减小至128.2m,水平速度和位置误差均减小了50%左右。
简介:针对传统基于g信息的粗对准的捷联惯导系统中,受传感器噪声的影响,存在效视运动无法提取和双向量共线的缺点,提出了一种基于改良Kalman滤波的参数辨识粗对准方法。该方法通过构建视在重力在初始载体系中的映射模型,利用改良Kalman滤波进行模型参数辨识,然后通过识别参数重新构建视在重力在初始载体系中的映射,解决了由于传感器噪声导致有效视运动无法正常提取的缺点。利用识别参数具有随估计次数增多得到优化的特点,构造初始时刻和最终时刻向量,避免双向量共线问题。利用改良Kalman滤波算法的自适应特点,优化参数识别精度与速度。转台实验表明,采用改良Kalman滤波方法航向对准精度为-0.0414°,标准差为0.041°,而传统RLS方法得到的航向精度为-0.0738°,标准差为0.128°。由此可知,本文提出的方法性能更优。