简介:Hypertensionisaleadingriskfactorforcardiovasculardisease,theleadingcauseofdeathandmorbidityinoursocietyandonaglobalscale.Majorcomponentsofcardiovasculardiseaseincludestroke,coronaryarterydisease,heartfailure,andchronickidneydisease,inallofwhichhypertensionplaysamajorrole.Theriskofthesecomplicationsincreasesdirectlyandlinearlywithsystolicbloodpressurestartingat115mmHg.Althoughusuallyasymptomatic,hypertensionisreadilydetectableonphysicalexaminationandisamenabletobothlifestylemodificationandpharmacologictreatmentinmostpatients.However,largeproportionsofthehypertensivepopulationremainundetectedandundertreated.Numerousguidelineshavebeenissuedduringthepastfewdecadestopromotedetectionandoptimaltherapy.Despitetheincreaseinriskwithsystolicbloodpressuregreaterthan115mmHg,thegenerallyacceptedthresholdfordiagnosisandtreatmenthasbeensystolicbloodpressuregreaterthan139mmHganddiastolicbloodpressuregreaterthan80mmHgbecauseuntilrecentlytreatmenttolowerlevelshasbeenassociatedwithanunfavorablerelationbetweenclinicalbenefitandharm.Inthepastseveralyears,newguidelines,advisories,commentaries,andclinicaltrialshaveprovidedevidenceforapotentialchangeincurrentrecommendationsforthemanagementofhypertension.Inthisregard,thelong-awaitedeighthreportoftheJointNationalCommitteeonthePrevention,Detection,Evaluation,andTreatmentofHighBloodPressurerecommendedpatientsolderthan60yearsbetreatedtoasystolicbloodpressureoflessthan150mmHg,whichhasgeneratedconsiderablecontroversyandcaution.ThestrikingfindingsoftheSystolicBloodPressureInterventionTrial(SPRINT)havereceivedconsiderableattentionbecauseofthedemonstrationthatintensivetherapytoatargetsystolicbloodpressurebelow120mmHgdecreasescardiovascularmortalityandmorbiditymorethanlessintensivetreatmenttoatargetsystolicbloodpressurebelow140mmHg
简介:高血压是一种常见的疾病,在我国慢性非传染性疾病中位列第一,患病率仍在迅速上升,与此相对,我国人群高血压的知晓率、控制率和治疗率仍处于较差水平。
简介:冠心病(cownaryheartdisease)又称缺血性心脏病,是一种严重危害人类健康的疾病,是由于冠状动脉粥样硬化造成血管痉挛,从而引起血管腔狭窄或阻塞,发生冠脉循环障碍,造成心肌缺血、缺氧甚至坏死的一种常见心脏病。目前,国内外公认的传统疗法有药物治疗、介入治疗(interventionaltherapy)及外科治疗,后者又包括冠状动脉旁路移植术(coronaryarterybypassgrafting)和心脏移植术(hearttransplantation)。然而药物治疗对病变严重的心肌缺血效果有限,而介入治疗和外科治疗后手术部位或冠状动脉其他部位可发生再狭窄,所以这三种治疗均不能根治冠心病。随着分子生物学理论和技术的进展,特别是在基因载体的构建、靶基因的界定和转基因技术等方面所取得的重要进展,使许多因基因结构或表达异常引起的心血管疾病利用基因治疗有望获得根治。
简介:目的:了解浙江省部分汉族人群乙醛脱氢酶2(ALDH2)基因多态性分布频率。方法在浙江省地区收集1370例汉族人血液标本,对其ALDH2基因12号外显子的特定片段进行特异性扩增,应用基因芯片法判定基因型。结果ALDH2变异型等位基因在浙江省部分汉族人群中的分布频率为44.5%;此人群的ALDH2基因型频率分布与上海人群之间的差异不存在统计学意义,而与洛阳人群之间存在统计学意义。结论浙江省部分汉族人群ALDH2基因变异型有将近一半,表明此人群中ALDH2酶活性缺乏者占近半数;中国汉族人群的ALDH2基因多态性似存在南北地区差异。
简介:ObjectivesToelucidatethepotentialroleofcytokinesinthepathogenesisofcoronaryheartdisease(CHD).MethodsTNF-αandIFN-γactivity,IL-8levelsofplasmaandsupernatantsweremeasuredin62patientswithCHDand30healthcontrolsbymethodsofdirectcytotoxicityassay,cytopathiceffectinhibitiontestandELISArespectively.ResultsBothTNF-αactivityandIL-8levelsofplasmainCHDpatientswerehigherandIFN-γactivityofsupernatantsinCHDpatientswerelowerthanthoseofhealthycontrols(P<0.001),TherehavesignificantdifferencesbetweenhealthycontrolsandthesubgroupsofCHD(P<0.01).IL-8levelsofplasmaincreasedwiththeadvancingofthediseaseandtherehaveobviousdifferencesamongsubgroupsoftheillness(P<0.05).TNF-αactivityofplasmainstableanginapectoris(SAP)subgroupwaslowerthanthoseofunstableanginapectoris(UAP)andacutemyocardialinfarction(AMI)subgroups,thedifferencesbetweenSAPandUAPorAMIweresignificant(P<0.05),ButtherehavenosignificantdifferencesbetweenUAPandAMI(P>0.05).However,IFN-γactivityofsupernatantsshowednodifferenceamonganysubgroups.ConclusionstherehavecloserelationsbetweenTNF-α,IFN-γ,IL-8andCHD.