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简介：Thelaser-inducedrelativisticshockwavesaredescribed.Theshockwavescanbecreateddirectlybyahighirradiancelaserorindirectlybyalaseraccelerationofafoilthatcollideswithasecondstaticfoil.Aspecialcaseofinterestisthecreationoflaser-inducedfusionwherethecreatedalphaparticlescreateadetonationwave.Anovelapplicationissuggestedwiththeshockwaveorthedetonationwavetoigniteapre-compressedtarget.Inparticular,thedeuterium–tritiumfusionisconsidered.Itissuggestedthatthecollisionoftwolaseracceleratedfoilsmightserveasanovelrelativisticacceleratorforbulkmaterialcollisions.

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简介：Exercise-inducedrhabdomyolysis（exRML）,apathophysiologicalconditionofskeletalmusclecelldamagethatmaycauseacuterenalfailureandinsomecasesdeath.IncreasedCa2+levelincellsalongwithfunctionaldegradationofcellsignalingsystemandcellmatrixhavebeensuggestedasthemajorpathologicalmechanismsassociatedwithexRML.TheonsetofexRMLmaybeexhibitedinathletesaswellasingeneralpopulation.PreviousstudieshavereportedthatpossiblecausesofexRMLwereassociatedwithexcessiveeccentriccontractionsinhightemperature,abnormalelectrolytesbalance,andnutritionaldeficienciespossiblegeneticdefects.However,theunderlyingmechanismsofexRMLhavenotbeenclearlyestablishedamonghealthprofessionalsorsportsmedicinepersonnel.Therefore,wereviewedthepossiblemechanismsandcorrelatedpreventionofexRML,whileprovidingusefulandpracticalinformationfortheathleteandgeneralexercisingpopulation.

简介：Objective:Toexploretherelationshipbetweenneuronalapoptosisandhypoxiaortraumaticinjury.Methods:Ratneuronsprimarilyculturedinvitroweretreatedwithhypoxia(thehypoxiagroup)ortraumaticinjury(thetraumagroup).Theneuronalapoptosiswasevaluatedwithmicroscope,TUNEL(terminaldeoxynucleotidyltransferasemediatedx-dUTPnickendlabeling)staining,flowcytometry,agarosegetelectrophoresisandimmunohistochemistry.Results:Morphologicalchangesofapoptosisappearedinthetreatedneurons,andtheDNAfragmentationshowed“ladder”break.Theapoptoticindexwas10.8%inthehypoxiagroupand4.8%inthetraumagroup,whileitwasonly1.6%inthecontrolgroup.Theexpressionofapoptosis-associatedgenes(c-myc,fasandfasL)increased.Conclusions:Hypoxiaortraumaticinjurycaninduceneuronalapoptosis,anditsmolecularmechanismisprobablyrelatedtotheexpressionsofapoptosis-associatedgenes.

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简介：Wetheoreticallyinvestigatetheclassicalanalogofelectromagneticallyinducedtransparency(EIT)andelectromagneticallyinducedabsorption(EIA)inaplanarmetamaterialatopticalfrequency,whichoriginatesfromdestructiveandconstructiveinterferencebetweendarkandradiativeelements.Themetamaterialconsistsoftwocoupledresonatorswithdifferentgeometries.AnEIT-liketransparentwindowwithlowabsorptionisobservedandfoundtobestronglya?ectedbyresonantstatesoftheresonators.ThetransitionbetweentheEITandEIAisachievedbychangingthesplitwidthandcouplingdistance.Theabsorptionisenhancedupto2.5timescomparedwiththedipolarcase.TheexcitationofthedarkmodeisveryimportantforEIT-andEIA-likeresponsesoftheproposedmetamaterial.TheEITandEIAphenomenao?erapotentialmethodformanipulatingelectromagneticresponseinmetamaterial-baseddevices.

简介：这研究的目的是在一条微隧道为控制使用冲击波。冲击波被在隧道搏动的激光横梁集中的激光产生。使用脉搏激光产生一个冲击波，非静止的流动在在平行盘子之间的小空间被导致。球形、圆柱的吃惊繁殖与schlieren方法被观察。吃惊马赫数字与时间减少并且来临到统一。是在以前的调查报导了，吃惊速度在一个短远处和时间被稀释。在现在的实验，它没处于在球形、圆柱的吃惊实验之间的吃惊速度被发现显著差别。随后，圆柱的冲击波导致的流动用PIV技术被学习。烟tracer在实验被使用，它的速度在100渭s以内被测量。数字模拟被执行调查在气体和烟粒子之间的动量松驰。一个合适的吃惊开始模型在模拟被介绍。试验性的结果证明一个宽加速和减速地区在冲击波后面存在。另外，在试验性的数据的松驰距离在数字模拟比那长得多。关键词微强风的波浪-激光集中-流动可视化-PIVCLC数字O354

简介：在电子横梁照耀下面暴露的蠕虫状的alpha氧化铝重建的表面被一台扫描电子显微镜分别地在房间温度和90K与0.5keV横梁精力并且由一台发射度电子显微镜调查。在原处记录的结果证明重建的现在的electron-beam-induced表面是电子剂量和温度依赖者并且由体积形状变化伴随了。表面重建被一个钻腐烂过程，在表面，作文坚定被在艾尔2O3和由从体积的使放出的氧的铝的氧化。

简介：Givenamappingfbetweencontinua.Let2^fandC(f)meantheinducedmappingsbetweenhyperspaces.Relationsarestudiedundertheconditions:fissemi-open(almostopen,respectively),2^fissemi-open(almostopen,respectively)andC(f)issemi-open(almostopen,respectively).

简介：Thedynamicresponsesofoffshorefixedplatformsundericeloadsareanalysedinthispaper.Theresponsescalculatedincludethedisplacementandthehotspotstressesonthebasisofadynamicequationofice-inducedforcedvibrationforoffshorestructures.Theresultsobtainedcanbecitedandusedforthedesignandoperationofoffshorefixedplatformsagainsticeloading.

简介：Wave-inducedtransientresponseofdisplacements,effectivestressesandporepressureinsaturateseabedaresalvedbyaconsolidationfiniteelementmethod.Theinfluenceoftheresponsestothestabilityofseabedandcoastalstructuresisshownbyanimprovedslicemethodwithcirculararcslipsurface.Dynamicelasticconsolidationtheoryandlinearpermeabilitytheoryareemployedinthesolutionofseabedresponse.Theseabedcanbeconsistedoflayeredsoilwitharbitraryboundaries.Theactingwavecanberegularorirregular.Irregularwavepressureactingonthesurfaceofseabediscalculatedbylinearsuperpositionmethod.Wave-inducedexcessstressontheslipsurfaceisconsideredinthestabilityanalysis.Thespatialandtemporalvariationsofporepressureinsandyseabedcomparewellwithexperiment.Calculationsforaverticalbreakwatershowthatthesafetyfactorofseabedandstructurewilldecreaseifwave-inducedseabedresponseisconsidered.Thescopeofdecreaseismainlyre

简介：Westudythebucklingofaonefibercompositewhosematrixstifnessisslightlydependentonthecompressiveforce.Weshowthattheequilibriumcurvesofthesystemexhibitalimitloadwhentheinducedstifnessparametergetsbiggerthanathreshold.Thislimitloadincreaseswhenthestifnessparameterisincreasinganditisrelatedtoapossiblelocalizedpathinthepost-bucklingdomain.Suchachangeinthemaximumloadmaybeverydesirablefromastructuralstandpoint.

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简介：AbstractObjective:This study was performed to investigate the relationship between the human melanogenesis and antioxidant systems and to further confirm the synergistic effect of oxyresveratrol (OXYR) and resveratrol (RES) in human epidermal melanocyte cell line.Methods:The human epidermal melanocyte line PIG1 cells were divided into the UV groups and control group, treated with different doses of UVB and without UVB, respectively. MTT assay and flow cytometry were used to detect cell viability and apoptosis. The expression of Nrf2/HO-1 and melanogenesis-associated proteins/genes was measured by Western blotting and real-time qPCR (RT-qPCR). pCMV6-XL5-Nrf2 was used to upregulate the expression of Nrf2. Subsequently, the proteins/genes levels of Nrf2/HO-1 and tyrosinase (TYR), melanin/eumelanin content, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were analyzed. Isobologram analysis and cell experiment were used to analyze whether OXYR and RES inhibit TYR synergistically. Western blotting, RT-qPCR, and NaOH splitting method were used to determine the Nrf2/HO-1 and melanogenesis-associated proteins/genes expression and melanin content to evaluate the efficacy of OXYR and RES.Results:The activated Nrf2 and HO-1 eliminated ROS produced by UVB irradiation. The melanogenesis-associated proteins/genes of melanocyte-inducing transcription factor (MITF, P < 0.01 on protein expression), TYR (both P < 0.01), TYR-related protein (TRP)-1 (both P < 0.05), and TRP2 (P < 0.05 on mRNA expression) were activated in PIG1 cells by UVB irradiation. Simultaneously, the upregulation of Nrf2 significantly reduced melanogenesis formation (P < 0.001) and TYR level (P < 0.01 on protein expression). Moreover, OXYR and RES synergistically inhibited TYR activity (P < 0.001) and reduced melanin content (P < 0.001).Conclusions:A microbalance exists between Nrf2/HO-1 signaling and melanogenesis production in the UVB-induced responses of melanocytes. Simultaneously, OXYR enhances the ability of RES to inhibit melanin production.

简介：与阻抗类型边界在2由一个裂缝散布问题的波浪被考虑。这个问题由薄两方面的圆柱的屏幕为波浪的衍射建模。为解决这个问题的一个数字方法被开发。这个问题的答案在联合尖潜力和单个层的潜力形式被代表。密度功能满足的线性不可分的方程为一般parameterized弧被导出。弱单个的积分和Cauchy在这些方程的单个不可分的产生与截断错误分析用一个高度精确的计划被计算。计划的优点在这份报纸建议在一只手里，我们不需要裂缝的analyticity性质，我们允许不同建筑群的事实被珍视在裂缝的双方的表面阻抗。在另外的手里，我们避免超积分。显示出计划的有效性的数字实现被介绍。[从作者抽象]

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简介：Themoisturetransportincrackedcement-basedmaterialswasinvestigatedwithprioritybynumericalsimulation.Thecrackedcement-basismaterialwastreatedastwocomponentssystem,includingthecracksandcementitiousmortar.Themassbalancebetweenthewaterinthecracksandinthecementmortarwasconsidered.Fromthemodelingresults,itwasseenthatthewaterorvaporfilledthecrackimmediatelywhenthecrackedcementitiousmortarwasputintocontactwiththewaterorvapor.Thewater/vaporpenetratesintothemortarfromthecracksurfaces,aswellastheexternalsurfaceexposedintheoutsidecondition.Theexistenceofcracksincreasesthepenetrationofwater/vaporintothecementitiousmortar.Asthebasisforstudyingtheself-healingincrackedconcrete,thesimulationonmoisturetransportprovidedimportantinformationaboutthewaterdistributionandmovementinsidethecrackedconcrete.

简介：Foracompression-shearmixedmodeinterfacecrack,itisdifficulttosolvethestressandstrainfieldsconsideringthematerialviscosity,thecrack-tipsingularity,thefrictionaleffect,andthemixedloadinglevel.Inthispaper,amechanicalmodelofthedynamicpropagationinterfacecrackforthecompression-shearmixedmodeisproposedusinganelastic-viscoplasticconstitutivemodel.Thegoverningequationsofpropagationcrackinterfaceatthecrack-tiparegiven.Thenumericalanalysisisperformedfortheinterfacecrackofthecompression-shearmixedmodebyintroducingadisplacementfunctionandsomeboundaryconditions.Thedistributedregularitiesofstressfieldoftheinterfacecrack-tiparediscussedwithseveralspecialparameters.Thefinalresultsshowthattheviscosityeffectandthefrictionalcontacteffectonthecracksurfaceandthemixed-loadparameterareimportantfactorsinstudyingthemixedmodeinterfacecracktipfields.Thesefieldsarecontrolledbytheviscositycoefficient,theMachnumber,andthesingularityexponent.

简介：在这篇论文，为orthotropic板的飞机裂缝问题的压力紧张因素的评估相等参数用一个分数维的二水平的有限元素方法(F2LFEM)被调查。一个orthotropic裂缝问题的一般答案被与各向同性的裂缝问题吸收这个问题获得，并且在F2LFEM作为全球插值功能被采用。在裂缝板的裂缝尖端的邻居，分数维的几何学概念被介绍完成有类似比率的类似的网孔不到一个并且产生一个无穷小的网孔以便在二邻近的层的僵硬矩阵之间的关系是相等的。在裂缝尖端附近的自由的很多度被转变到概括坐标的一个小集合。数字例子证明这个方法在评估压力紧张因素(SIF)有效、精确。